Migration in Viana/MA (2017–2022)

Viana/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 46,930 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 1,875 in-migrants and lost 4,220 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −2,345 people (−50.01 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.385. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 60 arrived with an unreported origin and 10 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Viana/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	1,875	1,481 to 2,269	good
Out-migrants	4,220	3,550 to 4,890	good
Net migration	−2,345	−3,123 to −1,567	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−50.01	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.385	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Viana/MA
Origin	People	Precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	360	use with caution
Cajari/MA · view pair in the atlas	225	low precision
Penalva/MA · view pair in the atlas	220	low precision
Matinha/MA · view pair in the atlas	165	use with caution
Pedro do Rosário/MA · view pair in the atlas	115	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
São João Batista/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Viana/MA
Destination	People	Precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	815	use with caution
São José de Ribamar/MA · view pair in the atlas	260	low precision
Frutal/MG · view pair in the atlas	205	low precision
Matinha/MA · view pair in the atlas	175	low precision
Penalva/MA · view pair in the atlas	125	low precision
Parauapebas/PA · view pair in the atlas	125	low precision
Cajari/MA · view pair in the atlas	115	low precision
General Salgado/SP · view pair in the atlas	105	low precision
São José do Rio Preto/SP · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
Paço do Lumiar/MA · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	795	42.5%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	680	36.4%	50-99
Multi-step migration	395	21.1%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	380	36.4%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	290	27.8%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	235	22.5%	20-49
Completed higher education	140	13.4%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	615	32.8%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	475	25.3%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	460	24.5%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	155	8.3%	5-19
More than 2 minimum wages	105	5.6%	5-19
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	65	3.5%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	325	17.4%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	315	16.8%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	240	12.8%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	195	10.4%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	185	9.9%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	170	9.1%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	165	8.8%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	155	8.3%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	75	4.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	45	2.4%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	3,105	73.6%	100-499
Multi-step migration	590	14.0%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	525	12.4%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	745	35.5%	50-99
No schooling or incomplete elementary	700	33.3%	50-99
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	455	21.7%	50-99
Completed higher education	200	9.5%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,360	32.2%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,260	29.8%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	820	19.4%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	520	12.3%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	265	6.3%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	805	19.1%	50-99
Ages 25–39, male	745	17.7%	50-99
Ages 25–39, female	630	14.9%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	585	13.9%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	400	9.5%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	340	8.1%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	330	7.8%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	245	5.8%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	75	1.8%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	65	1.5%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	13,080	46.8%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	8,010	28.7%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	4,750	17.0%	>=500
Completed higher education	2,085	7.5%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	16,165	32.7%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	14,930	30.2%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	12,880	26.0%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	4,140	8.4%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	1,340	2.7%	100-499
Other / suppressed	40	0.1%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	5,610	12.5%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	5,530	12.3%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	5,350	11.9%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	5,195	11.5%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	4,480	10.0%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	4,310	9.6%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	4,240	9.4%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	4,030	9.0%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	3,315	7.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	2,930	6.5%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Viana/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	15,755
Commute out to work in another municipality	685
Commute in from another municipality to work here	455
Net commuting	−230
Out-commuting rate (%)	4.34
Commuting attraction index	0.963
Median commuting time	45 min

Open Viana/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Viana/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/viana-ma-2112803/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.