Migration in São João Batista/MA (2017–2022)

São João Batista/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 17,275 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 270 in-migrants and lost 1,090 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −820 people (−47.39 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.601. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion.

Indicators

Migration indicators for São João Batista/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	270	151 to 389	use with caution
Out-migrants	1,090	774 to 1,406	good
Net migration	−820	−1,158 to −482	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−47.39	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.601	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 20-49 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to São João Batista/MA
Origin	People	Precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from São João Batista/MA
Destination	People	Precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	340	use with caution
São José de Ribamar/MA · view pair in the atlas	115	low precision
Viana/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
São Vicente Ferrer/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	135	49.1%	5-19
Return to municipality of birth	120	43.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	7.3%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	80	45.7%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	55	31.4%	5-19
Other / suppressed	40	22.9%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	90	32.7%	5-19
¼ to ½ minimum wage	75	27.3%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	65	23.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	45	16.4%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Other / suppressed	225	81.8%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	50	18.2%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	855	78.4%	50-99
Multi-step migration	170	15.6%	5-19
Return to municipality of birth	65	6.0%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	265	38.4%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	250	36.2%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	140	20.3%	5-19
Other / suppressed	35	5.1%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	420	38.7%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	340	31.3%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	145	13.4%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	110	10.1%	5-19
More than 2 minimum wages	50	4.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	1.8%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	205	18.7%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	195	17.8%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	185	16.9%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	185	16.9%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	100	9.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	80	7.3%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	65	5.9%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	45	4.1%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	35	3.2%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	6,395	57.7%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	2,715	24.5%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	1,590	14.3%	100-499
Completed higher education	390	3.5%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	7,100	38.9%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	5,675	31.1%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	4,185	22.9%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	985	5.4%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	325	1.8%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	2,225	13.1%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	2,180	12.8%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	2,090	12.3%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,985	11.7%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,590	9.4%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,460	8.6%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,435	8.4%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,425	8.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	1,320	7.8%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	1,290	7.6%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for São João Batista/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	3,805
Commute out to work in another municipality	175
Commute in from another municipality to work here	95
Net commuting	−80
Out-commuting rate (%)	4.57
Commuting attraction index	0.970
Median commuting time	40 min

Open São João Batista/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: São João Batista/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/sao-joao-batista-ma-2111003/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.