Migration in Paço do Lumiar/MA (2017–2022)

Paço do Lumiar/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 134,920 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 17,280 in-migrants and lost 2,380 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +14,900 people (110.45 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.758. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 190 arrived with an unreported origin and 50 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Paço do Lumiar/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	17,280	16,081 to 18,479	good
Out-migrants	2,380	1,901 to 2,859	good
Net migration	+14,900	13,609 to 16,191	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	110.45	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.758	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Paço do Lumiar/MA
Origin	People	Precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	10,110	good
São José de Ribamar/MA · view pair in the atlas	2,065	good
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	245	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	180	low precision
Raposa/MA · view pair in the atlas	125	low precision
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	120	low precision
Urbano Santos/MA · view pair in the atlas	105	low precision
Humberto de Campos/MA · view pair in the atlas	105	use with caution
Bacabal/MA · view pair in the atlas	100	low precision
Barreirinhas/MA · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Paço do Lumiar/MA
Destination	People	Precision
São José de Ribamar/MA · view pair in the atlas	1,550	good
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	270	low precision
Raposa/MA · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
Vera/MT · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	10,255	59.3%	>=500
Multi-step migration	6,450	37.3%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	565	3.3%	50-99
Other / suppressed	10	0.1%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	5,935	51.4%	>=500
Completed higher education	2,545	22.0%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	1,720	14.9%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	1,345	11.7%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	5,725	33.1%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	3,690	21.3%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	3,460	20.0%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	2,410	13.9%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,975	11.4%	100-499
Other / suppressed	25	0.1%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	3,680	21.3%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	3,095	17.9%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	1,950	11.3%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,945	11.3%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	1,690	9.8%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,340	7.8%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,295	7.5%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,155	6.7%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	660	3.8%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, male	460	2.7%	50-99

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	1,355	56.9%	100-499
First move from municipality of birth	665	27.9%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	360	15.1%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	860	55.1%	50-99
Completed higher education	420	26.9%	20-49
No schooling or incomplete elementary	165	10.6%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	115	7.4%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	755	31.8%	50-99
1 to 2 minimum wages	680	28.6%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	445	18.7%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	265	11.2%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	230	9.7%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	600	25.3%	50-99
Ages 25–39, male	500	21.1%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	340	14.3%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	285	12.0%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	210	8.8%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	135	5.7%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	130	5.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	120	5.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	55	2.3%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	37,650	48.2%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	17,340	22.2%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	12,060	15.4%	>=500
Completed higher education	11,085	14.2%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	40,460	31.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	34,205	26.7%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	22,590	17.6%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	21,955	17.1%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	8,795	6.9%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	120	0.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	17,440	14.9%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	17,145	14.6%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	15,240	13.0%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	15,240	13.0%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	9,990	8.5%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	9,825	8.4%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	9,800	8.3%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	9,645	8.2%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	7,285	6.2%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	5,795	4.9%	>=500

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Paço do Lumiar/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	60,065
Commute out to work in another municipality	26,320
Commute in from another municipality to work here	3,220
Net commuting	−23,095
Out-commuting rate (%)	43.82
Commuting attraction index	0.590
Median commuting time	60 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana da Grande São Luís → see the metropolitan region page

Open Paço do Lumiar/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Paço do Lumiar/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/paco-do-lumiar-ma-2107506/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.