Migration in Rio de Janeiro/RJ (2017–2022)

Rio de Janeiro/RJ had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 5,896,920 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 136,675 in-migrants and lost 311,655 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −174,980 people (−29.67 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.390. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 2,400 arrived with an unreported origin and 12,475 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Rio de Janeiro/RJ, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	136,675	131,718 to 141,632	good
Out-migrants	311,655	305,441 to 317,869	good
Net migration	−174,980	−182,929 to −167,031	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−29.67	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.390	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Rio de Janeiro/RJ
Origin	People	Precision
Duque de Caxias/RJ · view pair in the atlas	8,060	good
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	6,820	good
Nova Iguaçu/RJ · view pair in the atlas	5,935	good
Niterói/RJ · view pair in the atlas	5,865	good
São João de Meriti/RJ · view pair in the atlas	4,750	good
São Gonçalo/RJ · view pair in the atlas	3,905	good
Salvador/BA · view pair in the atlas	3,300	good
Belford Roxo/RJ · view pair in the atlas	3,280	good
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	2,890	good
Manaus/AM · view pair in the atlas	2,550	good

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Rio de Janeiro/RJ
Destination	People	Precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	17,655	good
Maricá/RJ · view pair in the atlas	10,145	good
Nova Iguaçu/RJ · view pair in the atlas	9,140	good
Niterói/RJ · view pair in the atlas	9,000	good
Cabo Frio/RJ · view pair in the atlas	8,970	good
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	7,575	good
Duque de Caxias/RJ · view pair in the atlas	7,170	good
Rio das Ostras/RJ · view pair in the atlas	5,540	good
Araruama/RJ · view pair in the atlas	5,260	good
Teresópolis/RJ · view pair in the atlas	4,785	good

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	66,715	48.8%	>=500
Multi-step migration	37,380	27.3%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	31,995	23.4%	>=500
Born abroad, internal migrant	585	0.4%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	46,355	49.8%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	28,815	31.0%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	10,750	11.5%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	7,155	7.7%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	61,680	45.1%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	26,705	19.5%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	24,360	17.8%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	14,765	10.8%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	8,725	6.4%	100-499
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	440	0.3%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	28,525	20.9%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	24,655	18.0%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	15,355	11.2%	>=500
Ages 40–59, female	15,315	11.2%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	13,705	10.0%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	12,280	9.0%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	8,060	5.9%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	7,905	5.8%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	6,900	5.0%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	3,970	2.9%	100-499

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	169,755	54.5%	>=500
Multi-step migration	86,195	27.7%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	53,445	17.1%	>=500
Born abroad, internal migrant	2,260	0.7%	100-499

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	86,915	37.5%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	81,540	35.2%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	37,835	16.3%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	25,480	11.0%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	108,615	34.9%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	65,145	20.9%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	63,305	20.3%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	40,325	12.9%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	31,915	10.2%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	2,350	0.8%	100-499

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	50,145	16.1%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	49,915	16.0%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	42,750	13.7%	>=500
Ages 40–59, female	42,245	13.6%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	26,190	8.4%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	22,510	7.2%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	21,095	6.8%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	20,480	6.6%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	18,335	5.9%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	17,925	5.8%	>=500
Other / suppressed	55	0.0%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,593,505	37.4%	>=500
Completed higher education	1,140,815	26.8%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	918,565	21.5%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	610,930	14.3%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	1,590,715	26.3%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,507,835	24.9%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,319,495	21.8%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	860,755	14.2%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	751,190	12.4%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	29,690	0.5%	>=500

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	910,085	15.8%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	772,570	13.4%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	754,880	13.1%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	695,275	12.1%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	638,705	11.1%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	491,635	8.6%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	390,935	6.8%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	386,865	6.7%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	358,450	6.2%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	344,975	6.0%	>=500
Ages 25–39, sex undetermined	310	0.0%	20-49
Ages 5–14, sex undetermined	265	0.0%	5-19
Ages 40–59, sex undetermined	220	0.0%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, sex undetermined	135	0.0%	5-19
Ages 15–24, sex undetermined	70	0.0%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Rio de Janeiro/RJ
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	2,752,520
Commute out to work in another municipality	56,195
Commute in from another municipality to work here	375,225
Net commuting	+319,030
Out-commuting rate (%)	2.04
Commuting attraction index	1.074
Median commuting time	70 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro → see the metropolitan region page

Open Rio de Janeiro/RJ in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Rio de Janeiro/RJ. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/rio-de-janeiro-rj-3304557/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.