Migration in Salvador/BA (2017–2022)

Salvador/BA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 2,294,765 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 58,800 in-migrants and lost 171,840 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −113,040 people (−49.26 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.490. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 695 arrived with an unreported origin and 2,230 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Salvador/BA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	58,800	55,738 to 61,862	good
Out-migrants	171,840	167,609 to 176,071	good
Net migration	−113,040	−118,263 to −107,817	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−49.26	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.490	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Salvador/BA
Origin	People	Precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	2,980	good
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	2,805	good
Feira de Santana/BA · view pair in the atlas	2,540	good
Lauro de Freitas/BA · view pair in the atlas	1,905	good
Camaçari/BA · view pair in the atlas	1,600	use with caution
Aracaju/SE · view pair in the atlas	1,480	use with caution
Itabuna/BA · view pair in the atlas	1,055	use with caution
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	990	use with caution
Alagoinhas/BA · view pair in the atlas	975	use with caution
Santo Antônio de Jesus/BA · view pair in the atlas	960	use with caution

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Salvador/BA
Destination	People	Precision
Lauro de Freitas/BA · view pair in the atlas	18,060	good
Camaçari/BA · view pair in the atlas	15,605	good
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	6,825	good
Feira de Santana/BA · view pair in the atlas	4,980	good
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	3,300	good
Simões Filho/BA · view pair in the atlas	2,995	good
Aracaju/SE · view pair in the atlas	2,875	good
Vera Cruz/BA · view pair in the atlas	2,480	good
Dias d'Ávila/BA · view pair in the atlas	2,255	good
Alagoinhas/BA · view pair in the atlas	2,175	good

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	26,290	44.7%	>=500
Multi-step migration	18,150	30.9%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	14,215	24.2%	>=500
Born abroad, internal migrant	145	0.2%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	14,400	38.7%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	13,885	37.3%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	5,325	14.3%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	3,595	9.7%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	18,355	31.2%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	11,785	20.0%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	11,690	19.9%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	8,565	14.6%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	7,455	12.7%	100-499
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	950	1.6%	50-99

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	10,990	18.7%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	8,810	15.0%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	7,905	13.4%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	6,905	11.7%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	6,450	11.0%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	5,375	9.1%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	3,705	6.3%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	3,510	6.0%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	3,225	5.5%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	1,885	3.2%	50-99
Other / suppressed	35	0.1%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	97,615	56.8%	>=500
Multi-step migration	44,265	25.8%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	29,490	17.2%	>=500
Born abroad, internal migrant	470	0.3%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	48,025	39.4%	>=500
Completed higher education	40,665	33.4%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	20,835	17.1%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	12,285	10.1%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	43,960	25.6%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	43,835	25.5%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	36,795	21.4%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	27,440	16.0%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	18,880	11.0%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	930	0.5%	50-99

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	31,560	18.4%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	28,950	16.8%	>=500
Ages 40–59, female	22,645	13.2%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	21,035	12.2%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	12,845	7.5%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	12,765	7.4%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	12,500	7.3%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	11,910	6.9%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	9,850	5.7%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	7,775	4.5%	>=500
Other / suppressed	10	0.0%	<5

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	680,585	41.3%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	387,085	23.5%	>=500
Completed higher education	346,185	21.0%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	233,835	14.2%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	671,690	28.5%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	484,055	20.5%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	417,605	17.7%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	393,805	16.7%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	381,910	16.2%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	6,880	0.3%	100-499

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	394,630	17.7%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	317,465	14.2%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	292,750	13.1%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	244,100	10.9%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	241,200	10.8%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	157,510	7.1%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	157,270	7.0%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	153,370	6.9%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	139,360	6.2%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	134,960	6.0%	>=500
Ages 25–39, sex undetermined	120	0.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	105	0.0%	5-19
Ages 5–14, sex undetermined	80	0.0%	5-19
Ages 15–24, sex undetermined	70	0.0%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, sex undetermined	50	0.0%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Salvador/BA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	1,066,175
Commute out to work in another municipality	36,340
Commute in from another municipality to work here	60,880
Net commuting	+24,540
Out-commuting rate (%)	3.41
Commuting attraction index	0.993
Median commuting time	60 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana de Salvador → see the metropolitan region page

Open Salvador/BA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Salvador/BA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/salvador-ba-2927408/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.