Migration in Vera Cruz/BA (2017–2022)

Vera Cruz/BA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 40,140 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 4,020 in-migrants and lost 1,955 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +2,065 people (51.39 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.345. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 40 arrived with an unreported origin and 40 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Vera Cruz/BA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	4,020	3,450 to 4,590	good
Out-migrants	1,955	1,525 to 2,385	good
Net migration	+2,065	1,351 to 2,779	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	51.39	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.345	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Vera Cruz/BA
Origin	People	Precision
Salvador/BA · view pair in the atlas	2,480	good
Santo Antônio de Jesus/BA · view pair in the atlas	220	low precision
Nazaré/BA · view pair in the atlas	85	low precision
Cruz das Almas/BA · view pair in the atlas	75	low precision
Itaparica/BA · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Valença/BA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
Mutuípe/BA · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Olindina/BA · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Camaçari/BA · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Vera Cruz/BA
Destination	People	Precision
Salvador/BA · view pair in the atlas	670	use with caution
Santo Antônio de Jesus/BA · view pair in the atlas	230	low precision
Jaguaripe/BA · view pair in the atlas	100	low precision
Salinas da Margarida/BA · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Valença/BA · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Itaparica/BA · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	2,570	63.9%	100-499
Multi-step migration	1,110	27.6%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	340	8.5%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,080	39.6%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	705	25.8%	50-99
Completed higher education	480	17.6%	50-99
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	465	17.0%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	965	24.0%	100-499
½ to 1 minimum wage	925	23.0%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	885	22.0%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	690	17.2%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	550	13.7%	50-99

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	590	14.7%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	560	13.9%	50-99
Ages 40–59, male	475	11.8%	50-99
Ages 25–39, male	380	9.5%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	375	9.3%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, female	375	9.3%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	350	8.7%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	345	8.6%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	310	7.7%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	255	6.4%	20-49

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	805	41.3%	50-99
First move from municipality of birth	680	34.9%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	465	23.8%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	515	40.9%	50-99
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	435	34.5%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	180	14.3%	5-19
Completed higher education	130	10.3%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	510	26.2%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	490	25.1%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	445	22.8%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	260	13.3%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	215	11.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	30	1.5%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	405	20.7%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	265	13.6%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	230	11.8%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, female	200	10.2%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	200	10.2%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	190	9.7%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	175	9.0%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	155	7.9%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	80	4.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	55	2.8%	<5

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	11,345	43.9%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	8,760	33.9%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	3,865	15.0%	>=500
Completed higher education	1,855	7.2%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	11,100	28.9%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	10,950	28.5%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	9,325	24.3%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	4,675	12.2%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	2,380	6.2%	100-499
Other / suppressed	10	0.0%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	5,855	16.2%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	5,385	14.9%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	3,850	10.7%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	3,770	10.5%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	3,615	10.0%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	3,345	9.3%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	2,780	7.7%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	2,750	7.6%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	2,385	6.6%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	2,310	6.4%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Vera Cruz/BA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	15,225
Commute out to work in another municipality	1,260
Commute in from another municipality to work here	755
Net commuting	−505
Out-commuting rate (%)	8.27
Commuting attraction index	0.948
Median commuting time	90 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana de Salvador → see the metropolitan region page

Open Vera Cruz/BA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Vera Cruz/BA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/vera-cruz-ba-2933208/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.