Migration in São Gonçalo/RJ (2017–2022)

São Gonçalo/RJ had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 848,080 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 20,875 in-migrants and lost 54,660 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −33,790 people (−39.84 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.447. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 385 arrived with an unreported origin and 250 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for São Gonçalo/RJ, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	20,875	19,061 to 22,689	good
Out-migrants	54,660	51,732 to 57,588	good
Net migration	−33,790	−37,235 to −30,345	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−39.84	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.447	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to São Gonçalo/RJ
Origin	People	Precision
Niterói/RJ · view pair in the atlas	7,310	good
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	2,810	good
Itaboraí/RJ · view pair in the atlas	1,825	good
Araruama/RJ · view pair in the atlas	715	low precision
Maricá/RJ · view pair in the atlas	600	use with caution
Duque de Caxias/RJ · view pair in the atlas	460	low precision
Macaé/RJ · view pair in the atlas	360	low precision
Nova Iguaçu/RJ · view pair in the atlas	310	low precision
Rio das Ostras/RJ · view pair in the atlas	275	low precision
São João de Meriti/RJ · view pair in the atlas	275	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from São Gonçalo/RJ
Destination	People	Precision
Niterói/RJ · view pair in the atlas	12,110	good
Maricá/RJ · view pair in the atlas	11,125	good
Itaboraí/RJ · view pair in the atlas	6,450	good
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	3,905	good
Saquarema/RJ · view pair in the atlas	1,585	good
Rio das Ostras/RJ · view pair in the atlas	1,220	use with caution
Araruama/RJ · view pair in the atlas	1,190	use with caution
Cabo Frio/RJ · view pair in the atlas	1,150	use with caution
Iguaba Grande/RJ · view pair in the atlas	650	use with caution
Macaé/RJ · view pair in the atlas	490	use with caution

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	10,365	49.7%	>=500
Multi-step migration	6,405	30.7%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	4,030	19.3%	100-499
Other / suppressed	75	0.4%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	6,120	40.9%	100-499
Completed higher education	4,060	27.1%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	2,790	18.6%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	1,995	13.3%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
1 to 2 minimum wages	6,025	28.9%	100-499
½ to 1 minimum wage	4,840	23.2%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	4,775	22.9%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	3,320	15.9%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,875	9.0%	100-499
Other / suppressed	40	0.2%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	3,785	18.1%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	3,665	17.6%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	2,730	13.1%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	2,260	10.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,885	9.0%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	1,425	6.8%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, female	1,395	6.7%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	1,385	6.6%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	1,205	5.8%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, male	1,135	5.4%	50-99

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	28,845	52.8%	>=500
Multi-step migration	18,795	34.4%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	6,915	12.6%	100-499
Born abroad, internal migrant	110	0.2%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	16,510	42.0%	>=500
Completed higher education	11,915	30.3%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	6,160	15.7%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	4,725	12.0%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	15,800	28.9%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	15,080	27.6%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	12,630	23.1%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	7,045	12.9%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	3,870	7.1%	100-499
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	235	0.4%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	8,825	16.1%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	8,355	15.3%	>=500
Ages 40–59, female	7,925	14.5%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	7,170	13.1%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	4,225	7.7%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	4,110	7.5%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	3,990	7.3%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	3,700	6.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	3,440	6.3%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	2,925	5.4%	100-499

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	248,520	40.5%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	185,945	30.3%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	112,345	18.3%	>=500
Completed higher education	67,500	11.0%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	277,645	31.7%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	210,515	24.1%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	162,470	18.6%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	137,330	15.7%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	86,545	9.9%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	725	0.1%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	136,150	16.5%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	120,540	14.6%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	99,350	12.0%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	98,585	11.9%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	89,140	10.8%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	70,290	8.5%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	55,595	6.7%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	54,320	6.6%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	51,985	6.3%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	50,315	6.1%	>=500
Other / suppressed	295	0.0%	20-49

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for São Gonçalo/RJ
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	368,635
Commute out to work in another municipality	84,770
Commute in from another municipality to work here	19,005
Net commuting	−65,765
Out-commuting rate (%)	23.00
Commuting attraction index	0.744
Median commuting time	80 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro → see the metropolitan region page

Open São Gonçalo/RJ in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: São Gonçalo/RJ. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/sao-goncalo-rj-3304904/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.