Migration in Vitória/ES (2017–2022)

Vitória/ES had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 306,090 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 24,930 in-migrants and lost 48,325 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −23,395 people (−76.44 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.319. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 145 arrived with an unreported origin and 930 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Vitória/ES, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	24,930	23,483 to 26,377	good
Out-migrants	48,325	45,896 to 50,754	good
Net migration	−23,395	−26,223 to −20,567	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−76.44	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.319	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Vitória/ES
Origin	People	Precision
Serra/ES · view pair in the atlas	3,255	good
Vila Velha/ES · view pair in the atlas	2,730	good
Cariacica/ES · view pair in the atlas	1,660	good
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	1,545	good
Cachoeiro de Itapemirim/ES · view pair in the atlas	790	use with caution
Belo Horizonte/MG · view pair in the atlas	780	use with caution
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	725	use with caution
São Mateus/ES · view pair in the atlas	610	use with caution
Colatina/ES · view pair in the atlas	580	use with caution
Linhares/ES · view pair in the atlas	550	use with caution

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Vitória/ES
Destination	People	Precision
Serra/ES · view pair in the atlas	9,080	good
Vila Velha/ES · view pair in the atlas	5,190	good
Cariacica/ES · view pair in the atlas	2,000	good
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	1,305	use with caution
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	1,270	use with caution
Belo Horizonte/MG · view pair in the atlas	1,190	use with caution
Guarapari/ES · view pair in the atlas	805	use with caution
Teixeira de Freitas/BA · view pair in the atlas	725	use with caution
São Mateus/ES · view pair in the atlas	635	use with caution
Linhares/ES · view pair in the atlas	620	use with caution

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	10,790	43.3%	>=500
First move from municipality of birth	9,630	38.6%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	4,385	17.6%	100-499
Born abroad, internal migrant	120	0.5%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	10,070	58.6%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	4,975	29.0%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	1,065	6.2%	50-99
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	1,060	6.2%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	13,425	53.9%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	5,595	22.4%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	3,030	12.2%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,655	6.6%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,205	4.8%	100-499
Other / suppressed	15	0.1%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	5,130	20.6%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	4,605	18.5%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	2,835	11.4%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	2,790	11.2%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	2,280	9.1%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	2,120	8.5%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,495	6.0%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	1,430	5.7%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,305	5.2%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	935	3.8%	50-99

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	20,210	41.8%	>=500
First move from municipality of birth	19,880	41.1%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	7,975	16.5%	>=500
Born abroad, internal migrant	260	0.5%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	13,975	41.3%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	10,785	31.9%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	5,715	16.9%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	3,380	10.0%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	16,985	35.1%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	10,925	22.6%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	9,970	20.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	6,705	13.9%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	3,105	6.4%	100-499
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	635	1.3%	50-99

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	8,940	18.5%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	8,175	16.9%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	6,030	12.5%	>=500
Ages 40–59, female	5,885	12.2%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	3,915	8.1%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	3,825	7.9%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	3,425	7.1%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	3,310	6.8%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	2,655	5.5%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	2,155	4.5%	100-499
Other / suppressed	15	0.0%	<5

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	84,885	40.4%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	67,970	32.3%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	35,900	17.1%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	21,610	10.3%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	116,230	39.2%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	64,935	21.9%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	62,185	20.9%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	32,945	11.1%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	20,185	6.8%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	385	0.1%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	46,485	16.6%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	38,245	13.7%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	36,830	13.1%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	33,140	11.8%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	30,290	10.8%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	25,375	9.1%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	18,680	6.7%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	17,870	6.4%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	17,235	6.2%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	15,930	5.7%	>=500

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Vitória/ES
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	155,590
Commute out to work in another municipality	22,435
Commute in from another municipality to work here	84,015
Net commuting	+61,575
Out-commuting rate (%)	14.42
Commuting attraction index	1.367
Median commuting time	40 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória → see the metropolitan region page

Open Vitória/ES in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Vitória/ES. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/vitoria-es-3205309/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.