Migration in Vila Velha/ES (2017–2022)

Vila Velha/ES had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 441,835 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 32,575 in-migrants and lost 25,320 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +7,255 people (16.41 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.125. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 145 arrived with an unreported origin and 755 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Vila Velha/ES, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	32,575	30,113 to 35,037	good
Out-migrants	25,320	23,718 to 26,922	good
Net migration	+7,255	4,318 to 10,192	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	16.41	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.125	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Vila Velha/ES
Origin	People	Precision
Vitória/ES · view pair in the atlas	5,190	good
Cariacica/ES · view pair in the atlas	3,560	good
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	2,250	good
Serra/ES · view pair in the atlas	1,675	use with caution
Belo Horizonte/MG · view pair in the atlas	965	use with caution
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	695	low precision
Guarapari/ES · view pair in the atlas	650	use with caution
Cachoeiro de Itapemirim/ES · view pair in the atlas	625	use with caution
Colatina/ES · view pair in the atlas	595	use with caution
Linhares/ES · view pair in the atlas	585	use with caution

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Vila Velha/ES
Destination	People	Precision
Serra/ES · view pair in the atlas	3,200	good
Vitória/ES · view pair in the atlas	2,730	good
Cariacica/ES · view pair in the atlas	2,180	good
Viana/ES · view pair in the atlas	1,355	good
Guarapari/ES · view pair in the atlas	1,205	good
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	550	use with caution
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	550	use with caution
Aracruz/ES · view pair in the atlas	490	use with caution
Belo Horizonte/MG · view pair in the atlas	460	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	400	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	15,740	48.3%	>=500
Multi-step migration	13,945	42.8%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	2,825	8.7%	100-499
Other / suppressed	65	0.2%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	10,075	44.7%	100-499
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	8,020	35.6%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	2,470	11.0%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	1,990	8.8%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	12,680	38.9%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	7,860	24.1%	100-499
½ to 1 minimum wage	6,705	20.6%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	2,675	8.2%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	2,000	6.1%	50-99
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	660	2.0%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	5,940	18.2%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	5,330	16.4%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	4,025	12.4%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	3,770	11.6%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	3,670	11.3%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	2,335	7.2%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	2,085	6.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	1,935	5.9%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	1,910	5.9%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, male	1,550	4.8%	50-99
Other / suppressed	20	0.1%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	13,105	51.8%	>=500
First move from municipality of birth	7,425	29.3%	>=500
Return to municipality of birth	4,665	18.4%	100-499
Born abroad, internal migrant	120	0.5%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	6,775	37.3%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	6,390	35.2%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	2,730	15.0%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	2,280	12.5%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	8,690	34.3%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	5,710	22.5%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	5,400	21.3%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	3,150	12.4%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,475	5.8%	100-499
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	900	3.6%	50-99

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	4,465	17.6%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	4,305	17.0%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	3,340	13.2%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	3,255	12.9%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	2,015	8.0%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,875	7.4%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,760	7.0%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,500	5.9%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	1,485	5.9%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	1,305	5.2%	100-499
Other / suppressed	10	0.0%	<5

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	116,820	38.9%	>=500
Completed higher education	78,035	26.0%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	65,680	21.9%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	39,620	13.2%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
1 to 2 minimum wages	112,625	25.9%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	111,740	25.7%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	106,215	24.5%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	52,195	12.0%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	43,375	10.0%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	8,100	1.9%	100-499

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	64,100	15.7%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	57,620	14.1%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	50,580	12.4%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	50,180	12.3%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	44,900	11.0%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	32,575	8.0%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	29,650	7.3%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	26,795	6.6%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	26,230	6.4%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	25,320	6.2%	>=500
Other / suppressed	410	0.1%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Vila Velha/ES
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	220,230
Commute out to work in another municipality	38,435
Commute in from another municipality to work here	26,970
Net commuting	−11,465
Out-commuting rate (%)	17.45
Commuting attraction index	0.905
Median commuting time	60 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória → see the metropolitan region page

Open Vila Velha/ES in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Vila Velha/ES. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/vila-velha-es-3205200/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.