Migration in Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA (2017–2022)

Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 16,725 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 675 in-migrants and lost 1,165 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −490 people (−29.27 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.267. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 25 arrived with an unreported origin and 0 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	675	515 to 835	good
Out-migrants	1,165	869 to 1,461	good
Net migration	−490	−826 to −154	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−29.27	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.267	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA
Origin	People	Precision
Pio XII/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
Bacabal/MA · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Satubinha/MA · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision
Lago da Pedra/MA · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
Parauapebas/PA · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Santa Inês/MA · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Bacabal/MA · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision
Bento Gonçalves/RS · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Satubinha/MA · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Parauapebas/PA · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Vitorino Freire/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
Chapadão do Céu/GO · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	280	41.5%	50-99
Multi-step migration	230	34.1%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	165	24.4%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	165	42.9%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	95	24.7%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	65	16.9%	5-19
Completed higher education	60	15.6%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	235	34.8%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	160	23.7%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	140	20.7%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	130	19.3%	20-49
Other / suppressed	10	1.5%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	140	20.9%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	110	16.4%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	95	14.2%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	70	10.4%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	65	9.7%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	60	9.0%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	60	9.0%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	50	7.5%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	3.0%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	670	57.8%	50-99
Multi-step migration	355	30.6%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	135	11.6%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	320	57.1%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	105	18.8%	5-19
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	85	15.2%	5-19
Completed higher education	50	8.9%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	415	35.6%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	260	22.3%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	250	21.5%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	135	11.6%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	100	8.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	0.4%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	225	19.3%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	190	16.3%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	155	13.3%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	125	10.7%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	120	10.3%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	115	9.9%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	105	9.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	65	5.6%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	65	5.6%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	6,520	61.5%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	2,030	19.1%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	1,305	12.3%	100-499
Completed higher education	750	7.1%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	6,125	35.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	5,435	31.6%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	3,545	20.6%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,805	10.5%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	310	1.8%	50-99

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	2,220	13.9%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	2,190	13.7%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	1,855	11.6%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,795	11.2%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,495	9.3%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,375	8.6%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	1,370	8.5%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,275	8.0%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,275	8.0%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	1,175	7.3%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	5,740
Commute out to work in another municipality	450
Commute in from another municipality to work here	110
Net commuting	−340
Out-commuting rate (%)	7.83
Commuting attraction index	0.905
Median commuting time	40 min

Open Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/olho-d-agua-das-cunhas-ma-2107407/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.