Migration in Vitorino Freire/MA (2017–2022)

Vitorino Freire/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 28,585 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 1,300 in-migrants and lost 2,260 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −965 people (−33.68 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.270. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 40 arrived with an unreported origin and 0 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Vitorino Freire/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	1,300	937 to 1,663	good
Out-migrants	2,260	1,821 to 2,699	good
Net migration	−965	−1,535 to −395	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−33.68	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.270	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Vitorino Freire/MA
Origin	People	Precision
Brejo de Areia/MA · view pair in the atlas	165	low precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	130	low precision
Santa Luzia/MA · view pair in the atlas	110	low precision
Paulo Ramos/MA · view pair in the atlas	70	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Bacabal/MA · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
Olho d'Água das Cunhãs/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Vitorino Freire/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Santa Inês/MA · view pair in the atlas	245	low precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	120	low precision
Parauapebas/PA · view pair in the atlas	85	low precision
Brejo de Areia/MA · view pair in the atlas	75	low precision
Itupeva/SP · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Imperatriz/MA · view pair in the atlas	60	low precision
Boa Vista/RR · view pair in the atlas	60	low precision
Sinop/MT · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Paulo Ramos/MA · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Bacabal/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	520	40.2%	50-99
Multi-step migration	405	31.3%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	370	28.6%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	300	38.7%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	270	34.8%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	105	13.5%	5-19
Completed higher education	100	12.9%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	525	40.5%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	385	29.7%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	165	12.7%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	160	12.4%	5-19
More than 2 minimum wages	60	4.6%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	315	24.2%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	155	11.9%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	145	11.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	135	10.4%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	130	10.0%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	120	9.2%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	120	9.2%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	65	5.0%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	65	5.0%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	50	3.8%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	1,590	70.4%	100-499
Multi-step migration	530	23.5%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	140	6.2%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	555	49.6%	50-99
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	220	19.6%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	210	18.8%	20-49
Completed higher education	135	12.1%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	750	33.1%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	610	26.9%	50-99
1 to 2 minimum wages	480	21.2%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	360	15.9%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	45	2.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	0.9%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	410	18.1%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	395	17.5%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	385	17.0%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	325	14.4%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	220	9.7%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	120	5.3%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	120	5.3%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	110	4.9%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	90	4.0%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	85	3.8%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	10,165	57.9%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	3,640	20.7%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	2,145	12.2%	100-499
Completed higher education	1,595	9.1%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	10,215	34.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	9,235	31.3%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	6,955	23.6%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	2,290	7.8%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	805	2.7%	50-99
Other / suppressed	5	0.0%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	3,770	13.8%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	3,490	12.8%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	3,110	11.4%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	2,920	10.7%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	2,675	9.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	2,435	8.9%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	2,340	8.6%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	2,250	8.3%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	2,230	8.2%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	2,025	7.4%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Vitorino Freire/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	10,705
Commute out to work in another municipality	510
Commute in from another municipality to work here	300
Net commuting	−205
Out-commuting rate (%)	4.75
Commuting attraction index	0.963
Median commuting time	60 min

Open Vitorino Freire/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Vitorino Freire/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/vitorino-freire-ma-2113009/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.