Migration in Esperantina/PI (2017–2022)

Esperantina/PI had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 38,080 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 1,660 in-migrants and lost 1,995 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −335 people (−8.80 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.092. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 10 arrived with an unreported origin and 20 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Esperantina/PI, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	1,660	1,256 to 2,064	good
Out-migrants	1,995	1,574 to 2,416	good
Net migration	−335	−919 to 249	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−8.80	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.092	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Esperantina/PI
Origin	People	Precision
Batalha/PI · view pair in the atlas	230	low precision
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	225	use with caution
Joaquim Pires/PI · view pair in the atlas	145	low precision
Luzilândia/PI · view pair in the atlas	140	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
São João do Arraial/PI · view pair in the atlas	75	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
Fortaleza/CE · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Morro do Chapéu do Piauí/PI · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Esperantina/PI
Destination	People	Precision
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	230	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	210	low precision
Batalha/PI · view pair in the atlas	210	use with caution
Barras/PI · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
Parnaíba/PI · view pair in the atlas	70	low precision
Joaquim Pires/PI · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Morro do Chapéu do Piauí/PI · view pair in the atlas	65	use with caution
São João do Arraial/PI · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	815	49.1%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	535	32.2%	50-99
Multi-step migration	310	18.7%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	400	42.1%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	285	30.0%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	160	16.8%	5-19
Completed higher education	105	11.1%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	555	33.5%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	475	28.7%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	325	19.6%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	185	11.2%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	60	3.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	55	3.3%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	330	19.8%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	295	17.7%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	205	12.3%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	190	11.4%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	175	10.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	155	9.3%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	145	8.7%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	70	4.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	55	3.3%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	45	2.7%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	1,530	76.7%	100-499
Multi-step migration	325	16.3%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	140	7.0%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	520	49.5%	50-99
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	370	35.2%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	85	8.1%	5-19
Completed higher education	75	7.1%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	615	30.8%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	590	29.5%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	335	16.8%	50-99
1 to 2 minimum wages	215	10.8%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	180	9.0%	20-49
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	65	3.2%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	395	19.7%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	290	14.5%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	250	12.5%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	245	12.2%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	235	11.7%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	170	8.5%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	145	7.2%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, female	120	6.0%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	90	4.5%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	65	3.2%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	14,170	58.5%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	4,405	18.2%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	2,855	11.8%	100-499
Completed higher education	2,805	11.6%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	12,625	32.1%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	10,470	26.7%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	10,055	25.6%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	4,530	11.5%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	1,570	4.0%	100-499
Other / suppressed	30	0.1%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	4,920	13.5%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	4,720	13.0%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	4,640	12.8%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	4,415	12.1%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	3,185	8.8%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	3,090	8.5%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	3,010	8.3%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	2,985	8.2%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	2,870	7.9%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	2,555	7.0%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Esperantina/PI
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	15,000
Commute out to work in another municipality	1,520
Commute in from another municipality to work here	540
Net commuting	−980
Out-commuting rate (%)	10.13
Commuting attraction index	0.899
Median commuting time	50 min

Open Esperantina/PI in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Esperantina/PI. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/esperantina-pi-2203701/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.