Migration in Parnaíba/PI (2017–2022)

Parnaíba/PI had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 151,195 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 11,285 in-migrants and lost 7,745 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +3,540 people (23.41 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.186. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 165 arrived with an unreported origin and 165 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Parnaíba/PI, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	11,285	10,173 to 12,397	good
Out-migrants	7,745	6,841 to 8,649	good
Net migration	+3,540	2,107 to 4,973	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	23.41	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.186	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Parnaíba/PI
Origin	People	Precision
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	1,920	good
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	1,195	use with caution
Araioses/MA · view pair in the atlas	455	use with caution
Fortaleza/CE · view pair in the atlas	445	use with caution
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	410	use with caution
Luís Correia/PI · view pair in the atlas	380	use with caution
Buriti dos Lopes/PI · view pair in the atlas	310	use with caution
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	290	low precision
São Bernardo/MA · view pair in the atlas	275	low precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	245	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Parnaíba/PI
Destination	People	Precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	820	use with caution
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	715	use with caution
Araioses/MA · view pair in the atlas	435	low precision
Luís Correia/PI · view pair in the atlas	240	use with caution
Tutóia/MA · view pair in the atlas	240	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	225	low precision
Fortaleza/CE · view pair in the atlas	160	low precision
Buriti dos Lopes/PI · view pair in the atlas	155	use with caution
Águas Lindas de Goiás/GO · view pair in the atlas	140	low precision
Altos/PI · view pair in the atlas	140	use with caution

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	4,790	42.4%	100-499
Multi-step migration	3,760	33.3%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	2,735	24.2%	100-499

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	2,560	37.0%	100-499
Completed higher education	2,020	29.2%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	1,645	23.8%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	695	10.0%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	3,135	27.8%	100-499
½ to 1 minimum wage	2,560	22.7%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	2,115	18.8%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,815	16.1%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,470	13.0%	100-499
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	185	1.6%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	1,870	16.6%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,625	14.4%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,335	11.8%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	1,325	11.7%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	1,285	11.4%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,240	11.0%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,000	8.9%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	785	7.0%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, female	435	3.9%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	380	3.4%	20-49

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	4,250	54.9%	100-499
Multi-step migration	2,055	26.5%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	1,440	18.6%	100-499

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	1,445	30.9%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	1,350	28.9%	100-499
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,270	27.2%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	610	13.0%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,840	23.8%	100-499
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,680	21.7%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,485	19.2%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,430	18.5%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	1,120	14.5%	100-499
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	185	2.4%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	1,725	22.3%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,230	15.9%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,030	13.3%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	775	10.0%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	730	9.4%	50-99
Ages 40–59, male	695	9.0%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	600	7.7%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	530	6.8%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, female	300	3.9%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	130	1.7%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	39,310	40.8%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	28,810	29.9%	>=500
Completed higher education	15,045	15.6%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	13,220	13.7%	>=500

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	49,115	32.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	41,695	27.7%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	24,260	16.1%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	22,855	15.2%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	12,345	8.2%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	285	0.2%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	20,905	15.0%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	18,585	13.3%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	18,050	12.9%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	17,155	12.3%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	12,375	8.9%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	11,530	8.3%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	11,340	8.1%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	10,175	7.3%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	9,975	7.1%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	9,120	6.5%	>=500
Ages 5–14, sex undetermined	130	0.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	90	0.1%	5-19
Ages 40–59, sex undetermined	90	0.1%	5-19
Ages 25–39, sex undetermined	60	0.0%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Parnaíba/PI
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	68,585
Commute out to work in another municipality	3,110
Commute in from another municipality to work here	2,270
Net commuting	−840
Out-commuting rate (%)	4.53
Commuting attraction index	0.972
Median commuting time	60 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana de Parnaíba → see the metropolitan region page

Open Parnaíba/PI in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Parnaíba/PI. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/parnaiba-pi-2207702/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.