Migration in Codó/MA (2017–2022)

Codó/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 105,565 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 4,725 in-migrants and lost 8,615 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −3,890 people (−36.86 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.292. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 35 arrived with an unreported origin and 20 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Codó/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	4,725	4,057 to 5,393	good
Out-migrants	8,615	7,585 to 9,645	good
Net migration	−3,890	−5,117 to −2,663	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−36.86	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.292	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Codó/MA
Origin	People	Precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	350	use with caution
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	290	use with caution
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	250	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	235	low precision
Caxias/MA · view pair in the atlas	190	low precision
Peritoró/MA · view pair in the atlas	130	low precision
Goiânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	125	low precision
Palmas/TO · view pair in the atlas	115	low precision
Caldas Novas/GO · view pair in the atlas	105	low precision
Parauapebas/PA · view pair in the atlas	105	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Codó/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Caldas Novas/GO · view pair in the atlas	550	use with caution
Aparecida de Goiânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	495	low precision
Goiânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	420	low precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	330	low precision
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	290	low precision
Parauapebas/PA · view pair in the atlas	265	low precision
Caxias/MA · view pair in the atlas	260	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	250	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	245	low precision
Lucas do Rio Verde/MT · view pair in the atlas	170	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Return to municipality of birth	2,045	43.3%	100-499
First move from municipality of birth	1,620	34.3%	100-499
Multi-step migration	1,060	22.4%	50-99

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	990	34.6%	50-99
No schooling or incomplete elementary	950	33.2%	50-99
Completed higher education	480	16.8%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	445	15.5%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,375	29.1%	100-499
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,210	25.6%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,180	25.0%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	560	11.9%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	330	7.0%	20-49
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	70	1.5%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	930	19.7%	50-99
Ages 25–39, male	755	16.0%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	545	11.5%	50-99
Ages 15–24, female	520	11.0%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	515	10.9%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	490	10.4%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	420	8.9%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	280	5.9%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	145	3.1%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	125	2.6%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	6,375	74.0%	>=500
Multi-step migration	1,710	19.8%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	530	6.2%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	2,035	46.2%	100-499
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,225	27.8%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	790	17.9%	50-99
Completed higher education	355	8.1%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	2,505	29.1%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	2,305	26.8%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,975	22.9%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,345	15.6%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	385	4.5%	20-49
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	95	1.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, male	1,350	15.7%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,280	14.9%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,250	14.5%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	1,195	13.9%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	850	9.9%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	785	9.1%	50-99
Ages 40–59, male	710	8.2%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	700	8.1%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, male	265	3.1%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, female	195	2.3%	20-49
Other / suppressed	30	0.3%	<5

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	35,715	57.0%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	14,455	23.1%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	7,320	11.7%	>=500
Completed higher education	5,210	8.3%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	33,560	30.7%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	32,165	29.4%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	30,980	28.3%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	9,995	9.1%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	2,655	2.4%	100-499
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	135	0.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	12,830	12.7%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	11,980	11.9%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	11,135	11.0%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	11,035	10.9%	>=500
Ages 15–24, male	9,705	9.6%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	9,595	9.5%	>=500
Ages 15–24, female	9,395	9.3%	>=500
Ages 5–14, female	9,350	9.3%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	8,515	8.4%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, male	7,065	7.0%	>=500
Other / suppressed	180	0.2%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Codó/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	35,100
Commute out to work in another municipality	1,365
Commute in from another municipality to work here	740
Net commuting	−625
Out-commuting rate (%)	3.89
Commuting attraction index	0.968
Median commuting time	60 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana da Zona Leste do Estado do Maranhão → see the metropolitan region page

Open Codó/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Codó/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/codo-ma-2103307/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.