Migration in Água Doce do Maranhão/MA (2017–2022)

Água Doce do Maranhão/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 11,210 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 500 in-migrants and lost 715 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −210 people (−18.89 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.174. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Água Doce do Maranhão/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	500	352 to 648	use with caution
Out-migrants	715	387 to 1,043	use with caution
Net migration	−210	−569 to 149	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−18.89	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.174	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 50-99 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 50-99 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Água Doce do Maranhão/MA
Origin	People	Precision
Parnaíba/PI · view pair in the atlas	70	low precision
Fortaleza/CE · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Tutóia/MA · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
São Bernardo/MA · view pair in the atlas	35	low precision
Araioses/MA · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Água Doce do Maranhão/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Parnaíba/PI · view pair in the atlas	125	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	205	40.6%	20-49
Multi-step migration	155	30.7%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	145	28.7%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	150	48.4%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	90	29.0%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	50	16.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	6.5%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	155	31.0%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	145	29.0%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	105	21.0%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	80	16.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	15	3.0%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	70	13.9%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	70	13.9%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	60	11.9%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	55	10.9%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	55	10.9%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	50	9.9%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	45	8.9%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	35	6.9%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	35	6.9%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	30	5.9%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	335	46.9%	20-49
Multi-step migration	290	40.6%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	90	12.6%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	90	40.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	75	33.3%	5-19
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	60	26.7%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	200	28.2%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	195	27.5%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	130	18.3%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	120	16.9%	5-19
Other / suppressed	65	9.2%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, male	230	32.4%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	115	16.2%	5-19
Other / suppressed	110	15.5%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	105	14.8%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	90	12.7%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	60	8.5%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	4,485	65.8%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,125	16.5%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	805	11.8%	100-499
Completed higher education	405	5.9%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	4,405	37.8%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	3,210	27.6%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	2,965	25.5%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	880	7.6%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	185	1.6%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, male	1,420	13.3%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	1,315	12.3%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	1,300	12.1%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,270	11.9%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,030	9.6%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	990	9.2%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	975	9.1%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	895	8.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	780	7.3%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	730	6.8%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Água Doce do Maranhão/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	3,735
Commute out to work in another municipality	670
Commute in from another municipality to work here	200
Net commuting	−470
Out-commuting rate (%)	17.96
Commuting attraction index	0.870
Median commuting time	30 min

Open Água Doce do Maranhão/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Água Doce do Maranhão/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/agua-doce-do-maranhao-ma-2100154/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.