Migration in Timbiras/MA (2017–2022)

Timbiras/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 24,305 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 1,215 in-migrants and lost 1,255 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −40 people (−1.63 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.016. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 10 arrived with an unreported origin and 0 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Timbiras/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	1,215	878 to 1,552	good
Out-migrants	1,255	933 to 1,577	good
Net migration	−40	−506 to 426	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−1.63	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.016	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Timbiras/MA
Origin	People	Precision
Coroatá/MA · view pair in the atlas	155	low precision
Chapadinha/MA · view pair in the atlas	140	low precision
Codó/MA · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision
Parauapebas/PA · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Pradópolis/SP · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Timbiras/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Guariba/SP · view pair in the atlas	100	low precision
Itaberaí/GO · view pair in the atlas	85	low precision
Codó/MA · view pair in the atlas	85	low precision
União Paulista/SP · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Return to municipality of birth	480	39.5%	50-99
First move from municipality of birth	440	36.2%	20-49
Multi-step migration	295	24.3%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	425	54.1%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	170	21.7%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	145	18.5%	5-19
Other / suppressed	45	5.7%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	415	34.0%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	390	32.0%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	325	26.6%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	90	7.4%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	275	22.8%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	255	21.2%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	165	13.7%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	130	10.8%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	85	7.1%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	80	6.6%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	60	5.0%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	55	4.6%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	50	4.1%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	50	4.1%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	1,025	81.7%	100-499
Multi-step migration	125	10.0%	5-19
Return to municipality of birth	105	8.4%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	245	44.5%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	200	36.4%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	90	16.4%	5-19
Other / suppressed	15	2.7%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	575	46.2%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	285	22.9%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	180	14.5%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	175	14.1%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	20	1.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	10	0.8%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, male	285	22.7%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	240	19.1%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	220	17.5%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	115	9.2%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	100	8.0%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	100	8.0%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	80	6.4%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	75	6.0%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	35	2.8%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	0.4%	<5

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	9,075	66.4%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	2,500	18.3%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	1,125	8.2%	100-499
Completed higher education	975	7.1%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	10,645	42.1%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	7,155	28.3%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	5,705	22.6%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,555	6.2%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	200	0.8%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	2,720	11.8%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	2,615	11.3%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	2,580	11.2%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	2,520	10.9%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	2,500	10.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	2,355	10.2%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	2,280	9.9%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	2,250	9.7%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	1,655	7.2%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	1,610	7.0%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Timbiras/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	5,610
Commute out to work in another municipality	595
Commute in from another municipality to work here	165
Net commuting	−430
Out-commuting rate (%)	10.63
Commuting attraction index	0.908
Median commuting time	60 min

Open Timbiras/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Timbiras/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/timbiras-ma-2112100/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.