Migration in Santana do Maranhão/MA (2017–2022)

Santana do Maranhão/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 9,715 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 685 in-migrants and lost 525 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +160 people (16.54 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.132. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 10 arrived with an unreported origin and 0 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Santana do Maranhão/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	685	487 to 883	good
Out-migrants	525	226 to 824	use with caution
Net migration	+160	−199 to 519	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	16.54	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.132	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 20-49 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Santana do Maranhão/MA
Origin	People	Precision
São Bernardo/MA · view pair in the atlas	125	low precision
Tutóia/MA · view pair in the atlas	120	low precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	70	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	60	low precision
Parnaíba/PI · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Santana do Maranhão/MA
Destination	People	Precision
São Bernardo/MA · view pair in the atlas	75	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	365	53.3%	50-99
Multi-step migration	180	26.3%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	140	20.4%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	175	43.8%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	115	28.8%	20-49
Completed higher education	60	15.0%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	50	12.5%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	305	44.2%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	170	24.6%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	155	22.5%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	50	7.2%	5-19
Other / suppressed	10	1.4%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	135	19.6%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	95	13.8%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	95	13.8%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	95	13.8%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	85	12.3%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	65	9.4%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	55	8.0%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	30	4.3%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	25	3.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	10	1.4%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	360	68.6%	20-49
Multi-step migration	95	18.1%	5-19
Return to municipality of birth	70	13.3%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	110	43.1%	5-19
No schooling or incomplete elementary	70	27.5%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	55	21.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	7.8%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	195	37.1%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	160	30.5%	5-19
¼ to ½ minimum wage	105	20.0%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	45	8.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	3.8%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	125	23.8%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	120	22.9%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	115	21.9%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	95	18.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	70	13.3%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	3,780	68.4%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	840	15.2%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	565	10.2%	100-499
Completed higher education	340	6.2%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	4,430	44.9%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	2,930	29.7%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	2,070	21.0%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	340	3.4%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	105	1.1%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	1,055	11.7%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	1,040	11.5%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	1,020	11.3%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,000	11.1%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	910	10.1%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	890	9.9%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	870	9.6%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	825	9.1%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	700	7.8%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	685	7.6%	100-499
Other / suppressed	30	0.3%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Santana do Maranhão/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	1,760
Commute out to work in another municipality	90
Commute in from another municipality to work here	70
Net commuting	−15
Out-commuting rate (%)	5.00
Commuting attraction index	0.964
Median commuting time	40 min

Open Santana do Maranhão/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Santana do Maranhão/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/santana-do-maranhao-ma-2110237/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.