Migration in Santa Maria do Tocantins/TO (2017–2022)

Santa Maria do Tocantins/TO had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 2,465 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 385 in-migrants and lost 330 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +55 people (22.32 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.077. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Santa Maria do Tocantins/TO, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	385	281 to 489	good
Out-migrants	330	172 to 488	use with caution
Net migration	+55	−134 to 244	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	22.32	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.077	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 50-99 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Santa Maria do Tocantins/TO
Origin	People	Precision
Pedro Afonso/TO · view pair in the atlas	70	use with caution
Palmas/TO · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Itacajá/TO · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Bom Jesus do Tocantins/TO · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Recursolândia/TO · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Goiânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision
Guaraí/TO · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Santa Maria do Tocantins/TO
Destination	People	Precision
Palmas/TO · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Pedro Afonso/TO · view pair in the atlas	35	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	215	55.1%	50-99
First move from municipality of birth	135	34.6%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	40	10.3%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	85	36.2%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	80	34.0%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	35	14.9%	5-19
Completed higher education	35	14.9%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	110	28.6%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	95	24.7%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	75	19.5%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	70	18.2%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	35	9.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	65	17.1%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	65	17.1%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	55	14.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	40	10.5%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	35	9.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	35	9.2%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	35	9.2%	5-19
Other / suppressed	25	6.6%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	25	6.6%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	215	65.2%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	95	28.8%	5-19
First move from municipality of birth	20	6.1%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	75	42.9%	5-19
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	65	37.1%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	30	17.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	2.9%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	135	40.9%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	110	33.3%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	65	19.7%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	20	6.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	70	21.2%	5-19
Other / suppressed	60	18.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	55	16.7%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	40	12.1%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	30	9.1%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	30	9.1%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	25	7.6%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	20	6.1%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	710	50.4%	100-499
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	370	26.2%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	175	12.4%	50-99
Completed higher education	155	11.0%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	890	38.8%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	530	23.1%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	425	18.5%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	340	14.8%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	110	4.8%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, male	320	15.4%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	265	12.8%	50-99
Ages 25–39, female	220	10.6%	50-99
Ages 25–39, male	220	10.6%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, male	200	9.6%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, female	190	9.2%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	185	8.9%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	170	8.2%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	160	7.7%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	145	7.0%	20-49

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Santa Maria do Tocantins/TO
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	940
Commute out to work in another municipality	50
Commute in from another municipality to work here	65
Net commuting	+15
Out-commuting rate (%)	5.10
Commuting attraction index	1.016
Median commuting time	60 min

Open Santa Maria do Tocantins/TO in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Santa Maria do Tocantins/TO. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/santa-maria-do-tocantins-to-1718881/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.