Migration in Joca Marques/PI (2017–2022)

Joca Marques/PI had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 5,020 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 195 in-migrants and lost 240 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −45 people (−9.13 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.106. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 0 arrived with an unreported origin and 5 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Joca Marques/PI, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	195	126 to 264	use with caution
Out-migrants	240	100 to 380	use with caution
Net migration	−45	−201 to 111	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−9.13	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.106	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 50-99 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 20-49 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Joca Marques/PI
Origin	People	Precision
Luzilândia/PI · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision
Madeiro/PI · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision
São Bernardo/MA · view pair in the atlas	15	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Joca Marques/PI
Destination	People	Precision
Madeiro/PI · view pair in the atlas	35	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	90	46.2%	20-49
Multi-step migration	65	33.3%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	40	20.5%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	50	41.7%	5-19
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	30	25.0%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	25	20.8%	5-19
Other / suppressed	15	12.5%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	90	46.2%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	60	30.8%	5-19
½ to 1 minimum wage	40	20.5%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	2.6%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	35	17.5%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	30	15.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	30	15.0%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	25	12.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	25	12.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	20	10.0%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	20	10.0%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	15	7.5%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	120	50.0%	5-19
Multi-step migration	90	37.5%	5-19
Other / suppressed	30	12.5%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Other / suppressed	55	50.0%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	55	50.0%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	90	38.3%	5-19
¼ to ½ minimum wage	75	31.9%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	65	27.7%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	2.1%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	90	37.5%	5-19
Other / suppressed	75	31.2%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	75	31.2%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	2,335	74.5%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	370	11.8%	100-499
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	290	9.3%	50-99
Completed higher education	140	4.5%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	2,275	43.8%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,335	25.7%	100-499
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,315	25.3%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	240	4.6%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	30	0.6%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	625	13.0%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	605	12.5%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	590	12.2%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	575	11.9%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	430	8.9%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	425	8.8%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	425	8.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	410	8.5%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	370	7.7%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	370	7.7%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Joca Marques/PI
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	555
Commute out to work in another municipality	130
Commute in from another municipality to work here	75
Net commuting	−55
Out-commuting rate (%)	23.74
Commuting attraction index	0.870
Median commuting time	40 min

Open Joca Marques/PI in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Joca Marques/PI. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/joca-marques-pi-2205458/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.