Migration in Tuntum/MA (2017–2022)

Tuntum/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 33,590 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 2,040 in-migrants and lost 2,805 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −765 people (−22.85 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.158. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 30 arrived with an unreported origin and 25 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Tuntum/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	2,040	1,566 to 2,514	good
Out-migrants	2,805	2,263 to 3,347	good
Net migration	−765	−1,485 to −45	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−22.85	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.158	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Tuntum/MA
Origin	People	Precision
Barra do Corda/MA · view pair in the atlas	175	use with caution
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	165	low precision
São Domingos do Maranhão/MA · view pair in the atlas	145	low precision
Presidente Dutra/MA · view pair in the atlas	135	low precision
Palmas/TO · view pair in the atlas	100	low precision
Grajaú/MA · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	85	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Goiânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Tuntum/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Presidente Dutra/MA · view pair in the atlas	195	low precision
São José de Ribamar/MA · view pair in the atlas	145	low precision
Barra do Corda/MA · view pair in the atlas	130	low precision
São Luís/MA · view pair in the atlas	125	low precision
Lucas do Rio Verde/MT · view pair in the atlas	115	low precision
Chapadão do Céu/GO · view pair in the atlas	115	low precision
São Domingos do Maranhão/MA · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
Palmas/TO · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Fernando Falcão/MA · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Imperatriz/MA · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	775	38.0%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	650	31.9%	50-99
Multi-step migration	615	30.1%	50-99

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	590	50.2%	50-99
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	275	23.4%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	160	13.6%	20-49
Completed higher education	150	12.8%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	750	36.8%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	565	27.7%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	490	24.0%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	140	6.9%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	95	4.7%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	355	17.5%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	350	17.2%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	270	13.3%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	245	12.1%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	215	10.6%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	195	9.6%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	160	7.9%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	90	4.4%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	75	3.7%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	75	3.7%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	2,060	73.3%	100-499
Multi-step migration	630	22.4%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	120	4.3%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	575	39.4%	50-99
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	380	26.0%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	345	23.6%	20-49
Completed higher education	160	11.0%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	875	31.1%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	670	23.8%	50-99
1 to 2 minimum wages	530	18.9%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	420	14.9%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	310	11.0%	20-49
Other / suppressed	5	0.2%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, male	490	17.4%	50-99
Ages 25–39, female	480	17.1%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	420	14.9%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	370	13.2%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	245	8.7%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	235	8.4%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	215	7.7%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	180	6.4%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	90	3.2%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	60	2.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	25	0.9%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	12,730	63.0%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	3,455	17.1%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	2,670	13.2%	100-499
Completed higher education	1,360	6.7%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	11,030	32.3%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	10,455	30.6%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	10,145	29.7%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	2,035	6.0%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	495	1.4%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, male	4,130	13.1%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	3,915	12.4%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	3,620	11.5%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	3,595	11.4%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	3,005	9.5%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	2,865	9.1%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	2,765	8.8%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	2,645	8.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	2,495	7.9%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	2,460	7.8%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Tuntum/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	10,735
Commute out to work in another municipality	885
Commute in from another municipality to work here	210
Net commuting	−675
Out-commuting rate (%)	8.26
Commuting attraction index	0.910
Median commuting time	60 min

Open Tuntum/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Tuntum/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/tuntum-ma-2112308/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.