Migration in Santo Antônio dos Lopes/MA (2017–2022)

Santo Antônio dos Lopes/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 13,295 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 760 in-migrants and lost 1,055 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −295 people (−22.18 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.162. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 5 arrived with an unreported origin and 0 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Santo Antônio dos Lopes/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	760	584 to 936	good
Out-migrants	1,055	762 to 1,348	good
Net migration	−295	−637 to 47	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−22.18	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.162	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Santo Antônio dos Lopes/MA
Origin	People	Precision
Dom Pedro/MA · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Capinzal do Norte/MA · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision
Teresina/PI · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision
Codó/MA · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Santo Antônio dos Lopes/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Pedreiras/MA · view pair in the atlas	145	low precision
Lima Campos/MA · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Governador Archer/MA · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
Capinzal do Norte/MA · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
Santa Juliana/MG · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	260	34.2%	50-99
Multi-step migration	250	32.9%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	250	32.9%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	180	38.7%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	145	31.2%	20-49
Completed higher education	75	16.1%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	65	14.0%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	300	39.5%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	190	25.0%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	135	17.8%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	105	13.8%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	30	3.9%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	170	22.5%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	155	20.5%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	100	13.2%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	90	11.9%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	70	9.3%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	40	5.3%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	40	5.3%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	40	5.3%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	35	4.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	15	2.0%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	770	73.0%	50-99
Multi-step migration	230	21.8%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	55	5.2%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	205	31.5%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	155	23.8%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	150	23.1%	5-19
Completed higher education	140	21.5%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	340	32.1%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	295	27.8%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	170	16.0%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	125	11.8%	5-19
More than 2 minimum wages	95	9.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	35	3.3%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	260	24.5%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	145	13.7%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	135	12.7%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	105	9.9%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	100	9.4%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	90	8.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	90	8.5%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	65	6.1%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	50	4.7%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	1.9%	<5

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	4,695	58.0%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,750	21.6%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	950	11.7%	100-499
Completed higher education	700	8.6%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	4,645	34.3%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	4,200	31.0%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	3,415	25.2%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,065	7.9%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	215	1.6%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	1,650	13.2%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	1,585	12.6%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	1,510	12.0%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,465	11.7%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,205	9.6%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,065	8.5%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,065	8.5%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,025	8.2%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	965	7.7%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	890	7.1%	100-499
Other / suppressed	110	0.9%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Santo Antônio dos Lopes/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	4,570
Commute out to work in another municipality	155
Commute in from another municipality to work here	805
Net commuting	+650
Out-commuting rate (%)	3.45
Commuting attraction index	1.125
Median commuting time	30 min

Open Santo Antônio dos Lopes/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Santo Antônio dos Lopes/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/santo-antonio-dos-lopes-ma-2110302/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.