Migration in Santa Cruz/PB (2017–2022)

Santa Cruz/PB had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 5,615 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 290 in-migrants and lost 335 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −45 people (−7.95 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.072. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Santa Cruz/PB, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	290	198 to 382	use with caution
Out-migrants	335	153 to 517	use with caution
Net migration	−45	−249 to 159	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−7.95	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.072	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 50-99 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 20-49 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Santa Cruz/PB
Origin	People	Precision
São Bernardo do Campo/SP · view pair in the atlas	85	use with caution
João Pessoa/PB · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
São Francisco/PB · view pair in the atlas	15	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Santa Cruz/PB
Destination	People	Precision
No outflows published individually (below the disclosure threshold).

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Return to municipality of birth	125	43.1%	20-49
First move from municipality of birth	85	29.3%	20-49
Multi-step migration	80	27.6%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	100	47.6%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	75	35.7%	20-49
Completed higher education	20	9.5%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	15	7.1%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	110	37.9%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	80	27.6%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	65	22.4%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	30	10.3%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	1.7%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	60	20.3%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	40	13.6%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	35	11.9%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	30	10.2%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	30	10.2%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	30	10.2%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	20	6.8%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	20	6.8%	5-19
Other / suppressed	15	5.1%	<5
Ages 60 and over, female	15	5.1%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	140	41.8%	5-19
First move from municipality of birth	130	38.8%	5-19
Return to municipality of birth	65	19.4%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	80	35.6%	5-19
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	70	31.1%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	45	20.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	30	13.3%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	155	46.3%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	70	20.9%	5-19
¼ to ½ minimum wage	45	13.4%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	40	11.9%	5-19
Other / suppressed	25	7.5%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Other / suppressed	115	34.3%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	85	25.4%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	75	22.4%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	60	17.9%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	2,435	61.6%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	880	22.3%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	360	9.1%	100-499
Completed higher education	280	7.1%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,970	34.8%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,655	29.2%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,235	21.8%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	745	13.2%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	60	1.1%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	780	14.6%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	775	14.5%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	715	13.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	680	12.8%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	505	9.5%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	500	9.4%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	365	6.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	360	6.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	330	6.2%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	320	6.0%	50-99

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Santa Cruz/PB
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	1,400
Commute out to work in another municipality	160
Commute in from another municipality to work here	95
Net commuting	−65
Out-commuting rate (%)	11.51
Commuting attraction index	0.930
Median commuting time	60 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana de Sousa → see the metropolitan region page

Open Santa Cruz/PB in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Santa Cruz/PB. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/santa-cruz-pb-2513208/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.