Migration in Riacho Frio/PI (2017–2022)
Riacho Frio/PI had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 3,900 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 75 in-migrants and lost 165 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −85 people (−22.17 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.361. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion.
Indicators
Migration indicators for Riacho Frio/PI, 2017–2022
| Indicator | Estimate | 95% CI | Precision |
|---|
| In-migrants | 75 | 27 to 123 | low precision |
|---|
| Out-migrants | 165 | 69 to 261 | low precision |
|---|
| Net migration | −85 | −193 to 23 | not classified |
|---|
| Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.) | −22.17 | - | - |
|---|
| Migration effectiveness index (IEM) | −0.361 | - | - |
|---|
Sample of in-migrants: 20-49 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 20-49 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.
Top origins and destinations
Profile of migrants and residents
In-migrants (arrivals)
Migrant type
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| Return to municipality of birth | 40 | 53.3% | 5-19 |
|---|
| First move from municipality of birth | 20 | 26.7% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Multi-step migration | 15 | 20.0% | 5-19 |
|---|
Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| Completed high school, incomplete higher education | 20 | 40.0% | 5-19 |
|---|
| No schooling or incomplete elementary | 20 | 40.0% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Other / suppressed | 10 | 20.0% | <5 |
|---|
Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| ½ to 1 minimum wage | 35 | 46.7% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Up to ¼ of a minimum wage | 25 | 33.3% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Other / suppressed | 15 | 20.0% | 5-19 |
|---|
Age and sex
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| Other / suppressed | 25 | 33.3% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Ages 25–39, female | 20 | 26.7% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Ages 40–59, male | 15 | 20.0% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Ages 15–24, male | 15 | 20.0% | 5-19 |
|---|
Out-migrants (departures)
Migrant type
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| First move from municipality of birth | 75 | 45.5% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Multi-step migration | 70 | 42.4% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Other / suppressed | 20 | 12.1% | <5 |
|---|
Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| No schooling or incomplete elementary | 65 | 61.9% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Other / suppressed | 40 | 38.1% | <5 |
|---|
Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| ½ to 1 minimum wage | 85 | 51.5% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Other / suppressed | 50 | 30.3% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Up to ¼ of a minimum wage | 30 | 18.2% | 5-19 |
|---|
Age and sex
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| Other / suppressed | 125 | 75.8% | 5-19 |
|---|
| Ages 25–39, male | 40 | 24.2% | 5-19 |
|---|
Non-migrant residents
Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| No schooling or incomplete elementary | 1,550 | 64.9% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Completed high school, incomplete higher education | 420 | 17.6% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Completed elementary, incomplete high school | 235 | 9.8% | 50-99 |
|---|
| Completed higher education | 185 | 7.7% | 50-99 |
|---|
Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| Up to ¼ of a minimum wage | 1,465 | 35.9% | 100-499 |
|---|
| ¼ to ½ minimum wage | 1,325 | 32.4% | 100-499 |
|---|
| ½ to 1 minimum wage | 935 | 22.9% | 100-499 |
|---|
| 1 to 2 minimum wages | 330 | 8.1% | 100-499 |
|---|
| More than 2 minimum wages | 30 | 0.7% | 5-19 |
|---|
Age and sex
| Category | Estimate | Share | Sample |
|---|
| Ages 40–59, male | 540 | 14.1% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Ages 40–59, female | 450 | 11.8% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Ages 25–39, male | 425 | 11.1% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Ages 5–14, male | 390 | 10.2% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Ages 5–14, female | 375 | 9.8% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Ages 25–39, female | 375 | 9.8% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Ages 15–24, male | 340 | 8.9% | 50-99 |
|---|
| Ages 15–24, female | 325 | 8.5% | 100-499 |
|---|
| Ages 60 and over, male | 300 | 7.9% | 50-99 |
|---|
| Ages 60 and over, female | 300 | 7.9% | 100-499 |
|---|
Commuting (work and study)
Commuting indicators for Riacho Frio/PI
| Employed persons (aged 10 and over) | 985 |
|---|
| Commute out to work in another municipality | 45 |
|---|
| Commute in from another municipality to work here | 35 |
|---|
| Net commuting | −10 |
|---|
| Out-commuting rate (%) | 4.45 |
|---|
| Commuting attraction index | 0.979 |
|---|
| Median commuting time | 25 min |
|---|
Open Riacho Frio/PI in the interactive atlas →
Methodological note
Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.
How to cite this page
Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Riacho Frio/PI. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/riacho-frio-pi-2208858/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.