Migration in Parnaguá/PI (2017–2022)

Parnaguá/PI had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 9,260 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 435 in-migrants and lost 680 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −245 people (−26.30 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.219. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 45 arrived with an unreported origin and 0 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Parnaguá/PI, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	435	290 to 580	use with caution
Out-migrants	680	433 to 927	use with caution
Net migration	−245	−532 to 42	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−26.30	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.219	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 50-99 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 50-99 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Parnaguá/PI
Origin	People	Precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Corrente/PI · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Curimatá/PI · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Luziânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Riacho Frio/PI · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Parnaguá/PI
Destination	People	Precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	120	low precision
Luziânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	100	low precision
Corrente/PI · view pair in the atlas	75	low precision
Curimatá/PI · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Riacho Frio/PI · view pair in the atlas	15	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	160	36.8%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	155	35.6%	20-49
Multi-step migration	120	27.6%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	110	44.9%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	70	28.6%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	50	20.4%	5-19
Other / suppressed	15	6.1%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	215	50.0%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	95	22.1%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	75	17.4%	5-19
Other / suppressed	45	10.5%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	80	18.4%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	70	16.1%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	60	13.8%	5-19
Other / suppressed	55	12.6%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	50	11.5%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	45	10.3%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	40	9.2%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	35	8.0%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	465	68.4%	50-99
Multi-step migration	165	24.3%	5-19
Return to municipality of birth	50	7.4%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	145	43.3%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	100	29.9%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	60	17.9%	5-19
Other / suppressed	30	9.0%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	225	33.3%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	180	26.7%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	145	21.5%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	95	14.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	30	4.4%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	155	23.1%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	95	14.2%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	90	13.4%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	70	10.4%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	65	9.7%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	50	7.5%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	50	7.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	50	7.5%	5-19
Other / suppressed	45	6.7%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	3,290	59.7%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	950	17.2%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	910	16.5%	100-499
Completed higher education	365	6.6%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	3,430	35.6%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	2,850	29.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	2,465	25.6%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	710	7.4%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	170	1.8%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, male	1,130	12.9%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,035	11.8%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	1,015	11.6%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	940	10.7%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	915	10.4%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	845	9.6%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	775	8.8%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	735	8.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	715	8.1%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	675	7.7%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Parnaguá/PI
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	2,315
Commute out to work in another municipality	35
Commute in from another municipality to work here	110
Net commuting	+75
Out-commuting rate (%)	1.51
Commuting attraction index	0.961
Median commuting time	120 min

Open Parnaguá/PI in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Parnaguá/PI. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/parnagua-pi-2207603/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.