Migration in Porto Nacional/TO (2017–2022)

Porto Nacional/TO had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 59,085 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 7,840 in-migrants and lost 5,305 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +2,535 people (42.87 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.193. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 40 arrived with an unreported origin and 40 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Porto Nacional/TO, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	7,840	7,008 to 8,672	good
Out-migrants	5,305	4,595 to 6,015	good
Net migration	+2,535	1,441 to 3,629	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	42.87	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.193	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: >=500 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Porto Nacional/TO
Origin	People	Precision
Palmas/TO · view pair in the atlas	2,525	good
Goiânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	385	use with caution
Paraíso do Tocantins/TO · view pair in the atlas	330	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	200	low precision
Monte do Carmo/TO · view pair in the atlas	160	low precision
Gurupi/TO · view pair in the atlas	140	low precision
Silvanópolis/TO · view pair in the atlas	125	low precision
Colinas do Tocantins/TO · view pair in the atlas	120	low precision
Araguaína/TO · view pair in the atlas	120	low precision
Redenção/PA · view pair in the atlas	110	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Porto Nacional/TO
Destination	People	Precision
Palmas/TO · view pair in the atlas	1,695	good
Paraíso do Tocantins/TO · view pair in the atlas	240	low precision
Goiânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	210	low precision
Aparecida de Goiânia/GO · view pair in the atlas	130	low precision
Rio Verde/GO · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
Araguaína/TO · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision
Brasília/DF · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision
Lagoa da Confusão/TO · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Silvanópolis/TO · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Luís Eduardo Magalhães/BA · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	4,585	58.5%	100-499
First move from municipality of birth	2,535	32.4%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	715	9.1%	50-99

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,775	34.9%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	1,440	28.3%	100-499
Completed higher education	1,200	23.6%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	665	13.1%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	2,360	30.1%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,970	25.1%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,765	22.5%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	1,080	13.8%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	610	7.8%	50-99
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	50	0.6%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	1,405	17.9%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	1,360	17.3%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	860	11.0%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	815	10.4%	50-99
Ages 40–59, male	805	10.3%	50-99
Ages 15–24, female	705	9.0%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	620	7.9%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	575	7.3%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, male	425	5.4%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, female	275	3.5%	20-49

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	2,475	46.7%	100-499
Multi-step migration	2,145	40.4%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	670	12.6%	50-99
Other / suppressed	15	0.3%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,120	35.1%	100-499
Completed higher education	1,065	33.3%	100-499
No schooling or incomplete elementary	635	19.9%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	375	11.7%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,620	30.5%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	1,265	23.8%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,070	20.2%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,005	18.9%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	310	5.8%	50-99
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	35	0.7%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	1,060	20.0%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	855	16.1%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	605	11.4%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	570	10.7%	50-99
Ages 40–59, male	525	9.9%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	515	9.7%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	510	9.6%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	430	8.1%	50-99
Ages 60 and over, female	135	2.5%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	100	1.9%	20-49
Other / suppressed	5	0.1%	<5

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	12,360	36.5%	>=500
No schooling or incomplete elementary	10,655	31.5%	>=500
Completed higher education	6,585	19.4%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	4,275	12.6%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	18,430	32.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	13,435	23.8%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	12,445	22.0%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	6,285	11.1%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	5,755	10.2%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	150	0.3%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	7,100	13.9%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	6,980	13.6%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	6,595	12.9%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	6,170	12.1%	>=500
Ages 5–14, male	4,620	9.0%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	4,280	8.4%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	4,200	8.2%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	4,190	8.2%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	3,605	7.0%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	3,395	6.6%	100-499
Other / suppressed	35	0.1%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Porto Nacional/TO
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	28,820
Commute out to work in another municipality	3,300
Commute in from another municipality to work here	1,140
Net commuting	−2,160
Out-commuting rate (%)	11.44
Commuting attraction index	0.907
Median commuting time	40 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana de Palmas → see the metropolitan region page

Open Porto Nacional/TO in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Porto Nacional/TO. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/porto-nacional-to-1718204/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.