Migration in Penedo/AL (2017–2022)

Penedo/AL had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 54,390 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 3,265 in-migrants and lost 4,810 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −1,545 people (−28.40 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.191. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 105 arrived with an unreported origin and 0 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Penedo/AL, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	3,265	2,710 to 3,820	good
Out-migrants	4,810	4,037 to 5,583	good
Net migration	−1,545	−2,497 to −593	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−28.40	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.191	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: >=500 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Penedo/AL
Origin	People	Precision
Maceió/AL · view pair in the atlas	420	use with caution
Aracaju/SE · view pair in the atlas	420	use with caution
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	195	low precision
Arapiraca/AL · view pair in the atlas	190	low precision
São Sebastião/AL · view pair in the atlas	105	low precision
Igreja Nova/AL · view pair in the atlas	100	low precision
Coruripe/AL · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
Piaçabuçu/AL · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision
Santos/SP · view pair in the atlas	75	low precision
Neópolis/SE · view pair in the atlas	70	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Penedo/AL
Destination	People	Precision
Maceió/AL · view pair in the atlas	550	use with caution
Coruripe/AL · view pair in the atlas	255	low precision
Aracaju/SE · view pair in the atlas	240	low precision
Pomerode/SC · view pair in the atlas	170	low precision
Igreja Nova/AL · view pair in the atlas	150	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	150	low precision
Nova Mutum/MT · view pair in the atlas	145	low precision
Cianorte/PR · view pair in the atlas	115	low precision
Arapiraca/AL · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision
Rio Largo/AL · view pair in the atlas	85	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	1,130	34.6%	100-499
First move from municipality of birth	1,080	33.1%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	1,055	32.3%	100-499

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	635	31.8%	50-99
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	510	25.6%	50-99
Completed higher education	445	22.3%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	405	20.3%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	820	25.1%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	795	24.3%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	725	22.2%	50-99
1 to 2 minimum wages	575	17.6%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	340	10.4%	20-49
Other / suppressed	15	0.5%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	560	17.1%	50-99
Ages 25–39, male	490	14.9%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	420	12.8%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	400	12.2%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	335	10.2%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	315	9.6%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	305	9.3%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	225	6.9%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	155	4.7%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	75	2.3%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	3,675	76.4%	100-499
Multi-step migration	750	15.6%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	385	8.0%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	930	38.5%	50-99
No schooling or incomplete elementary	910	37.7%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	385	15.9%	20-49
Completed higher education	190	7.9%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,465	30.5%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,405	29.2%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,065	22.1%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	465	9.7%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	360	7.5%	20-49
Other / suppressed	50	1.0%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	845	17.6%	50-99
Ages 25–39, female	820	17.1%	50-99
Ages 15–24, female	810	16.9%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	745	15.5%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	470	9.8%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	355	7.4%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	280	5.8%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	210	4.4%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	125	2.6%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	125	2.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	0.4%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	16,115	47.8%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	9,175	27.2%	>=500
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	4,535	13.5%	100-499
Completed higher education	3,880	11.5%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	17,280	31.3%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	16,105	29.1%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	13,010	23.5%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	6,205	11.2%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	2,635	4.8%	100-499
Other / suppressed	45	0.1%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	7,345	14.4%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	6,475	12.7%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	6,410	12.6%	>=500
Ages 25–39, male	5,595	11.0%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	4,455	8.7%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	4,420	8.7%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	4,400	8.6%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	4,300	8.4%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	4,190	8.2%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	3,425	6.7%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Penedo/AL
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	19,130
Commute out to work in another municipality	1,475
Commute in from another municipality to work here	1,060
Net commuting	−420
Out-commuting rate (%)	7.72
Commuting attraction index	0.966
Median commuting time	40 min

Open Penedo/AL in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Penedo/AL. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/penedo-al-2706703/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.