Migration in Leopoldina/MG (2017–2022)

Leopoldina/MG had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 48,325 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 3,245 in-migrants and lost 2,135 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +1,110 people (22.96 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.206. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 20 arrived with an unreported origin and 50 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Leopoldina/MG, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	3,245	2,704 to 3,786	good
Out-migrants	2,135	1,704 to 2,566	good
Net migration	+1,110	419 to 1,801	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	22.96	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.206	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Leopoldina/MG
Origin	People	Precision
Juiz de Fora/MG · view pair in the atlas	505	use with caution
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	425	use with caution
Cataguases/MG · view pair in the atlas	310	use with caution
Recreio/MG · view pair in the atlas	185	low precision
Muriaé/MG · view pair in the atlas	100	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
Petrópolis/RJ · view pair in the atlas	80	low precision
Laranjal/MG · view pair in the atlas	70	low precision
Volta Redonda/RJ · view pair in the atlas	60	low precision
Viçosa/MG · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Leopoldina/MG
Destination	People	Precision
Juiz de Fora/MG · view pair in the atlas	555	use with caution
Cataguases/MG · view pair in the atlas	180	low precision
Rio de Janeiro/RJ · view pair in the atlas	130	low precision
Ubá/MG · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Argirita/MG · view pair in the atlas	60	low precision
Volta Grande/MG · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
Pirapetinga/MG · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Santo Antônio do Aventureiro/MG · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Santana de Cataguases/MG · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Dona Euzébia/MG · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	1,320	40.7%	100-499
Return to municipality of birth	1,245	38.4%	100-499
Multi-step migration	675	20.8%	50-99
Other / suppressed	5	0.2%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	810	34.9%	50-99
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	765	33.0%	50-99
No schooling or incomplete elementary	520	22.4%	50-99
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	225	9.7%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	855	26.3%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	815	25.1%	50-99
1 to 2 minimum wages	680	21.0%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	555	17.1%	50-99
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	340	10.5%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	570	17.6%	50-99
Ages 25–39, female	565	17.4%	50-99
Ages 40–59, female	400	12.3%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	370	11.4%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	305	9.4%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	225	6.9%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	215	6.6%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	210	6.5%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	190	5.9%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	190	5.9%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	1,410	65.9%	100-499
Multi-step migration	525	24.5%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	205	9.6%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	470	31.5%	50-99
Completed higher education	465	31.2%	20-49
No schooling or incomplete elementary	340	22.8%	50-99
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	215	14.4%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
1 to 2 minimum wages	585	27.5%	50-99
More than 2 minimum wages	575	27.1%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	550	25.9%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	230	10.8%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	180	8.5%	20-49
Other / suppressed	5	0.2%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	405	19.0%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	390	18.3%	50-99
Ages 15–24, female	300	14.1%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	235	11.0%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	210	9.8%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, female	155	7.3%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	145	6.8%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	120	5.6%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	100	4.7%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	75	3.5%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	13,140	39.8%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	9,935	30.1%	>=500
Completed higher education	5,010	15.2%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	4,905	14.9%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	16,155	33.8%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	10,415	21.8%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	9,805	20.5%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	5,760	12.0%	>=500
More than 2 minimum wages	5,630	11.8%	>=500
Not applicable (collective dwelling)	65	0.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	6,890	15.3%	>=500
Ages 40–59, male	6,190	13.7%	>=500
Ages 60 and over, female	6,120	13.6%	>=500
Ages 25–39, female	4,835	10.7%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	4,550	10.1%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	4,415	9.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	3,160	7.0%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	3,095	6.9%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	3,000	6.7%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	2,765	6.1%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Leopoldina/MG
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	22,110
Commute out to work in another municipality	1,345
Commute in from another municipality to work here	805
Net commuting	−540
Out-commuting rate (%)	6.09
Commuting attraction index	0.937
Median commuting time	60 min

Open Leopoldina/MG in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Leopoldina/MG. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/leopoldina-mg-3138401/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.