Migration in Gonçalves/MG (2017–2022)

Gonçalves/MG had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 4,490 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 820 in-migrants and lost 280 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +535 people (119.74 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.489. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 15 arrived with an unreported origin and 5 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Gonçalves/MG, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	820	668 to 972	good
Out-migrants	280	110 to 450	low precision
Net migration	+535	308 to 762	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	119.74	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.489	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 20-49 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Gonçalves/MG
Origin	People	Precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	195	use with caution
São José dos Campos/SP · view pair in the atlas	110	use with caution
São Bento do Sapucaí/SP · view pair in the atlas	85	low precision
Paraisópolis/MG · view pair in the atlas	70	use with caution
Camanducaia/MG · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Santos/SP · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Gonçalves/MG
Destination	People	Precision
Paraisópolis/MG · view pair in the atlas	85	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	370	45.1%	100-499
Multi-step migration	345	42.1%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	95	11.6%	20-49
Other / suppressed	10	1.2%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	295	47.6%	50-99
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	170	27.4%	20-49
No schooling or incomplete elementary	85	13.7%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	70	11.3%	20-49

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
More than 2 minimum wages	270	32.9%	50-99
1 to 2 minimum wages	255	31.1%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	195	23.8%	50-99
¼ to ½ minimum wage	65	7.9%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	35	4.3%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	125	15.4%	20-49
Ages 40–59, female	125	15.4%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	120	14.8%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	95	11.7%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, male	85	10.5%	20-49
Ages 60 and over, female	65	8.0%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	65	8.0%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	50	6.2%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	45	5.6%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	35	4.3%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	165	58.9%	20-49
First move from municipality of birth	65	23.2%	5-19
Return to municipality of birth	50	17.9%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed higher education	90	46.2%	5-19
No schooling or incomplete elementary	70	35.9%	5-19
Other / suppressed	35	17.9%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	105	36.8%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	90	31.6%	5-19
More than 2 minimum wages	55	19.3%	5-19
Other / suppressed	35	12.3%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Other / suppressed	175	62.5%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	60	21.4%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	45	16.1%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	1,340	48.3%	100-499
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	790	28.5%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	330	11.9%	100-499
Completed higher education	315	11.4%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,430	36.8%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,350	34.7%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	530	13.6%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	460	11.8%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	110	2.8%	20-49
Other / suppressed	10	0.3%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, male	605	16.6%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	580	15.9%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	480	13.2%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	445	12.2%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	355	9.7%	50-99
Ages 25–39, female	310	8.5%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	265	7.3%	50-99
Ages 15–24, female	205	5.6%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	205	5.6%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	200	5.5%	50-99

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Gonçalves/MG
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	2,455
Commute out to work in another municipality	170
Commute in from another municipality to work here	310
Net commuting	+140
Out-commuting rate (%)	7.01
Commuting attraction index	1.038
Median commuting time	30 min

Open Gonçalves/MG in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Gonçalves/MG. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/goncalves-mg-3127404/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.