Migration in Esmeralda/RS (2017–2022)

Esmeralda/RS had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 3,025 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 380 in-migrants and lost 240 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +140 people (46.25 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.227. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Esmeralda/RS, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	380	287 to 473	good
Out-migrants	240	140 to 340	use with caution
Net migration	+140	3 to 277	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	46.25	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.227	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 50-99 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Esmeralda/RS
Origin	People	Precision
Vacaria/RS · view pair in the atlas	90	use with caution
Caxias do Sul/RS · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision
Pinhal da Serra/RS · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Lagoa Vermelha/RS · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Esmeralda/RS
Destination	People	Precision
Pinhal da Serra/RS · view pair in the atlas	30	use with caution

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	175	46.1%	50-99
First move from municipality of birth	145	38.2%	50-99
Return to municipality of birth	55	14.5%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	1.3%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	115	42.6%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	65	24.1%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	50	18.5%	5-19
Completed higher education	40	14.8%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	115	30.3%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	105	27.6%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	75	19.7%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	45	11.8%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	40	10.5%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	60	15.6%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	60	15.6%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	45	11.7%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	45	11.7%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	35	9.1%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	30	7.8%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	30	7.8%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	30	7.8%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	25	6.5%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	25	6.5%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	115	48.9%	20-49
Multi-step migration	100	42.6%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	20	8.5%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	55	33.3%	5-19
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	50	30.3%	5-19
Completed higher education	40	24.2%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	20	12.1%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
1 to 2 minimum wages	100	42.6%	5-19
½ to 1 minimum wage	65	27.7%	5-19
More than 2 minimum wages	45	19.1%	5-19
¼ to ½ minimum wage	15	6.4%	5-19
Other / suppressed	10	4.3%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Other / suppressed	55	23.4%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	40	17.0%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	35	14.9%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	30	12.8%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	30	12.8%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	25	10.6%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	20	8.5%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	1,075	55.3%	100-499
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	310	15.9%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	285	14.7%	50-99
Completed higher education	275	14.1%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	960	34.0%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	710	25.2%	100-499
¼ to ½ minimum wage	500	17.7%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	330	11.7%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	320	11.3%	100-499

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	380	14.3%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	360	13.6%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	355	13.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	325	12.3%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	270	10.2%	50-99
Ages 25–39, female	260	9.8%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	190	7.2%	50-99
Ages 15–24, male	180	6.8%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	165	6.2%	50-99
Ages 15–24, female	165	6.2%	50-99

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Esmeralda/RS
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	1,270
Commute out to work in another municipality	45
Commute in from another municipality to work here	130
Net commuting	+85
Out-commuting rate (%)	3.63
Commuting attraction index	1.061
Median commuting time	30 min

Open Esmeralda/RS in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Esmeralda/RS. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/esmeralda-rs-4307401/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.