Migration in São José de Espinharas/PB (2017–2022)

São José de Espinharas/PB had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 3,865 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 250 in-migrants and lost 305 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −55 people (−14.08 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.099. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion.

Indicators

Migration indicators for São José de Espinharas/PB, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	250	169 to 331	use with caution
Out-migrants	305	156 to 454	use with caution
Net migration	−55	−225 to 115	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−14.08	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.099	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 50-99 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 50-99 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to São José de Espinharas/PB
Origin	People	Precision
Patos/PB · view pair in the atlas	70	low precision
Malta/PB · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from São José de Espinharas/PB
Destination	People	Precision
Patos/PB · view pair in the atlas	135	low precision
Serra Negra do Norte/RN · view pair in the atlas	35	low precision
São João do Sabugi/RN · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision
Malta/PB · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	115	46.0%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	75	30.0%	20-49
Multi-step migration	60	24.0%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	90	58.1%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	30	19.4%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	25	16.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	10	6.5%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	90	36.7%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	90	36.7%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	45	18.4%	5-19
More than 2 minimum wages	15	6.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	2.0%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	30	12.2%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	25	10.2%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	25	10.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	25	10.2%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	25	10.2%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	25	10.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	25	10.2%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	25	10.2%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	20	8.2%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	20	8.2%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	120	39.3%	5-19
First move from municipality of birth	110	36.1%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	75	24.6%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	90	50.0%	5-19
Other / suppressed	50	27.8%	5-19
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	40	22.2%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	175	58.3%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	65	21.7%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	35	11.7%	5-19
Other / suppressed	25	8.3%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Other / suppressed	75	24.6%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	55	18.0%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	50	16.4%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	50	16.4%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	45	14.8%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	30	9.8%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	1,600	62.5%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	520	20.3%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	285	11.1%	50-99
Completed higher education	155	6.1%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,315	34.3%	100-499
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,070	27.9%	100-499
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	955	24.9%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	440	11.5%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	55	1.4%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, male	535	14.8%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	505	14.0%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	405	11.2%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	395	10.9%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	365	10.1%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	355	9.8%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	290	8.0%	50-99
Ages 15–24, female	265	7.3%	50-99
Ages 5–14, female	260	7.2%	50-99
Ages 5–14, male	240	6.6%	50-99

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for São José de Espinharas/PB
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	1,205
Commute out to work in another municipality	225
Commute in from another municipality to work here	75
Net commuting	−150
Out-commuting rate (%)	18.72
Commuting attraction index	0.862
Median commuting time	30 min

This municipality is part of Região Metropolitana de Patos → see the metropolitan region page

Open São José de Espinharas/PB in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: São José de Espinharas/PB. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/sao-jose-de-espinharas-pb-2514404/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.