Migration in São João do Carú/MA (2017–2022)

São João do Carú/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 11,135 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 495 in-migrants and lost 1,220 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −725 people (−65.07 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.423. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion.

Indicators

Migration indicators for São João do Carú/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	495	347 to 643	use with caution
Out-migrants	1,220	854 to 1,586	use with caution
Net migration	−725	−1,120 to −330	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−65.07	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.423	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 50-99 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to São João do Carú/MA
Origin	People	Precision
Bom Jardim/MA · view pair in the atlas	130	low precision
Parauapebas/PA · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from São João do Carú/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Governador Newton Bello/MA · view pair in the atlas	70	low precision
Querência/MT · view pair in the atlas	65	low precision
Bom Jardim/MA · view pair in the atlas	60	low precision
Lucas do Rio Verde/MT · view pair in the atlas	50	low precision
Itanhangá/MT · view pair in the atlas	10	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Multi-step migration	220	44.4%	20-49
First move from municipality of birth	165	33.3%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	110	22.2%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	125	50.0%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	50	20.0%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	40	16.0%	5-19
Completed higher education	35	14.0%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	190	38.4%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	150	30.3%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	60	12.1%	5-19
More than 2 minimum wages	50	10.1%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	45	9.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	95	19.4%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	80	16.3%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	70	14.3%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	65	13.3%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	60	12.2%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	45	9.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	35	7.1%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	30	6.1%	5-19
Other / suppressed	10	2.0%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	775	63.5%	50-99
Multi-step migration	390	32.0%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	55	4.5%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	285	54.3%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	145	27.6%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	85	16.2%	5-19
Other / suppressed	10	1.9%	<5

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	560	45.9%	50-99
½ to 1 minimum wage	335	27.5%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	210	17.2%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	95	7.8%	5-19
Other / suppressed	20	1.6%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	270	22.1%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	220	18.0%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	170	13.9%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	170	13.9%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	155	12.7%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	100	8.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	55	4.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	45	3.7%	5-19
Other / suppressed	35	2.9%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	3,970	67.0%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	930	15.7%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	665	11.2%	100-499
Completed higher education	360	6.1%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	4,860	41.4%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	3,435	29.2%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	2,555	21.7%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	745	6.3%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	155	1.3%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, male	1,250	11.8%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	1,195	11.2%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	1,170	11.0%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,160	10.9%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,150	10.8%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	1,145	10.8%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	1,125	10.6%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,095	10.3%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	685	6.4%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	560	5.3%	100-499
Other / suppressed	100	0.9%	5-19

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for São João do Carú/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	3,100
Commute out to work in another municipality	105
Commute in from another municipality to work here	110
Net commuting	+5
Out-commuting rate (%)	3.37
Commuting attraction index	0.977
Median commuting time	45 min

Open São João do Carú/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: São João do Carú/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/sao-joao-do-caru-ma-2111029/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.