Migration in José da Penha/RN (2017–2022)

José da Penha/RN had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 5,460 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 355 in-migrants and lost 265 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of +90 people (16.29 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of 0.143. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory attraction. In addition, 15 arrived with an unreported origin and 0 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for José da Penha/RN, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	355	271 to 439	good
Out-migrants	265	114 to 416	use with caution
Net migration	+90	−82 to 262	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	16.29	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	0.143	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 100-499 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 20-49 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to José da Penha/RN
Origin	People	Precision
Riacho de Santana/RN · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
Pau dos Ferros/RN · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Major Sales/RN · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Marcelino Vieira/RN · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
Tenente Ananias/RN · view pair in the atlas	15	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from José da Penha/RN
Destination	People	Precision
Luís Gomes/RN · view pair in the atlas	35	low precision
Major Sales/RN · view pair in the atlas	30	low precision
Rafael Fernandes/RN · view pair in the atlas	20	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Return to municipality of birth	130	36.6%	20-49
First move from municipality of birth	120	33.8%	20-49
Multi-step migration	100	28.2%	20-49
Other / suppressed	5	1.4%	<5

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	105	39.6%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	90	34.0%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	45	17.0%	5-19
Completed higher education	25	9.4%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	130	36.6%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	90	25.4%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	85	23.9%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	45	12.7%	5-19
Other / suppressed	5	1.4%	<5

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	70	20.0%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	70	20.0%	20-49
Ages 40–59, male	60	17.1%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	35	10.0%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	30	8.6%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	25	7.1%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	20	5.7%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	15	4.3%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	15	4.3%	5-19
Other / suppressed	10	2.9%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	190	70.4%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	45	16.7%	5-19
Multi-step migration	35	13.0%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	80	44.4%	5-19
Other / suppressed	55	30.6%	5-19
No schooling or incomplete elementary	45	25.0%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	70	26.4%	5-19
Other / suppressed	65	24.5%	<5
¼ to ½ minimum wage	55	20.8%	5-19
1 to 2 minimum wages	45	17.0%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	30	11.3%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Other / suppressed	95	35.8%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	60	22.6%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	55	20.8%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	30	11.3%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	25	9.4%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	2,390	65.2%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	640	17.5%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	335	9.1%	100-499
Completed higher education	300	8.2%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	1,665	30.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	1,620	29.8%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,160	21.3%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	800	14.7%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	190	3.5%	50-99

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	760	15.0%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	700	13.8%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	650	12.8%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	525	10.3%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	525	10.3%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	505	9.9%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	420	8.3%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	380	7.5%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	310	6.1%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	305	6.0%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for José da Penha/RN
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	1,575
Commute out to work in another municipality	205
Commute in from another municipality to work here	170
Net commuting	−35
Out-commuting rate (%)	12.97
Commuting attraction index	0.944
Median commuting time	35 min

Open José da Penha/RN in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: José da Penha/RN. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/jose-da-penha-rn-2406007/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.