Migration in Independência/CE (2017–2022)

Independência/CE had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 22,595 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 890 in-migrants and lost 1,940 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −1,050 people (−46.46 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.371. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Independência/CE, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	890	618 to 1,162	use with caution
Out-migrants	1,940	1,409 to 2,471	good
Net migration	−1,050	−1,647 to −453	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−46.46	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.371	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 50-99 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Independência/CE
Origin	People	Precision
Fortaleza/CE · view pair in the atlas	175	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	95	low precision
Tamboril/CE · view pair in the atlas	55	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Independência/CE
Destination	People	Precision
Fortaleza/CE · view pair in the atlas	350	low precision
Crateús/CE · view pair in the atlas	270	low precision
São Paulo/SP · view pair in the atlas	180	low precision
Leme/SP · view pair in the atlas	115	low precision
Pedra Branca/CE · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision
Tauá/CE · view pair in the atlas	60	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Return to municipality of birth	460	51.7%	20-49
First move from municipality of birth	255	28.7%	20-49
Multi-step migration	175	19.7%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	220	38.9%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	190	33.6%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	80	14.2%	5-19
Completed higher education	75	13.3%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	315	35.4%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	260	29.2%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	230	25.8%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	85	9.6%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	145	16.3%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	140	15.7%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	130	14.6%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	120	13.5%	5-19
Ages 15–24, female	90	10.1%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	85	9.6%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	85	9.6%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, female	50	5.6%	5-19
Other / suppressed	45	5.1%	5-19

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	1,220	63.0%	50-99
Multi-step migration	455	23.5%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	260	13.4%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	380	38.4%	20-49
No schooling or incomplete elementary	280	28.3%	20-49
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	235	23.7%	5-19
Completed higher education	95	9.6%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	555	28.7%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	500	25.8%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	425	22.0%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	375	19.4%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	80	4.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, female	410	21.1%	20-49
Ages 15–24, female	380	19.5%	20-49
Ages 25–39, male	275	14.1%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	265	13.6%	20-49
Ages 5–14, male	165	8.5%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	145	7.5%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	140	7.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	95	4.9%	5-19
Other / suppressed	70	3.6%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	9,270	59.4%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	3,575	22.9%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	1,865	12.0%	100-499
Completed higher education	890	5.7%	50-99

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	7,015	30.3%	>=500
½ to 1 minimum wage	6,695	28.9%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	6,640	28.7%	>=500
1 to 2 minimum wages	2,345	10.1%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	440	1.9%	20-49

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 40–59, female	3,195	14.7%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	3,175	14.6%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	2,490	11.5%	100-499
Ages 25–39, male	2,270	10.5%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	2,240	10.3%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	2,235	10.3%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,755	8.1%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,590	7.3%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,430	6.6%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,330	6.1%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Independência/CE
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	6,630
Commute out to work in another municipality	430
Commute in from another municipality to work here	120
Net commuting	−310
Out-commuting rate (%)	6.50
Commuting attraction index	0.936
Median commuting time	120 min

Open Independência/CE in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Independência/CE. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/independencia-ce-2305605/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.