Migration in Fortaleza dos Nogueiras/MA (2017–2022)

Fortaleza dos Nogueiras/MA had a reference population (aged 5 or over in 2022) of 11,690 people. In the 2017–2022 five-year period, the municipality received 425 in-migrants and lost 935 out-migrants to other municipalities in Brazil, resulting in a net migration of −510 people (−43.80 per 1,000 population) and a migration effectiveness index (IEM) of −0.376. This classifies the municipality, for the period, as one of migratory depletion. In addition, 0 arrived with an unreported origin and 5 came from abroad.

Indicators

Migration indicators for Fortaleza dos Nogueiras/MA, 2017–2022
Indicator	Estimate	95% CI	Precision
In-migrants	425	280 to 570	use with caution
Out-migrants	935	674 to 1,196	good
Net migration	−510	−808 to −212	not classified
Net migration rate, TLM (per 1,000 pop.)	−43.80	-	-
Migration effectiveness index (IEM)	−0.376	-	-

Sample of in-migrants: 50-99 observations. Sample of out-migrants: 100-499 observations. 95% confidence interval computed as estimate ± 1.96 × standard error.

Top origins and destinations

Top 10 origins of in-migrants to Fortaleza dos Nogueiras/MA
Origin	People	Precision
Balsas/MA · view pair in the atlas	60	low precision
Formosa da Serra Negra/MA · view pair in the atlas	40	low precision

Top 10 destinations of out-migrants from Fortaleza dos Nogueiras/MA
Destination	People	Precision
Balsas/MA · view pair in the atlas	175	low precision
Formosa da Serra Negra/MA · view pair in the atlas	90	low precision
São Raimundo das Mangabeiras/MA · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Nova Colinas/MA · view pair in the atlas	45	low precision
Sambaíba/MA · view pair in the atlas	25	low precision
São Pedro dos Crentes/MA · view pair in the atlas	15	low precision

Profile of migrants and residents

In-migrants (arrivals)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	180	42.4%	20-49
Multi-step migration	165	38.8%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	80	18.8%	5-19

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	80	37.2%	5-19
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	60	27.9%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	50	23.3%	5-19
Completed higher education	25	11.6%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
¼ to ½ minimum wage	190	44.7%	20-49
½ to 1 minimum wage	95	22.4%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	70	16.5%	5-19
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	70	16.5%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	70	16.5%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	65	15.3%	5-19
Ages 25–39, female	60	14.1%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	50	11.8%	5-19
Ages 15–24, male	45	10.6%	5-19
Ages 5–14, female	45	10.6%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	40	9.4%	5-19
Ages 40–59, female	35	8.2%	5-19
Other / suppressed	15	3.5%	<5

Out-migrants (departures)

Migrant type
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
First move from municipality of birth	620	66.3%	50-99
Multi-step migration	200	21.4%	20-49
Return to municipality of birth	115	12.3%	20-49

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	225	46.4%	20-49
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	110	22.7%	5-19
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	90	18.6%	5-19
Completed higher education	60	12.4%	5-19

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	285	30.5%	20-49
1 to 2 minimum wages	200	21.4%	20-49
¼ to ½ minimum wage	200	21.4%	20-49
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	165	17.6%	20-49
More than 2 minimum wages	85	9.1%	5-19

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 15–24, female	155	16.6%	20-49
Ages 25–39, female	155	16.6%	20-49
Ages 15–24, male	135	14.4%	5-19
Ages 25–39, male	125	13.4%	20-49
Ages 5–14, female	95	10.2%	5-19
Ages 40–59, male	85	9.1%	5-19
Ages 5–14, male	65	7.0%	5-19
Ages 60 and over, male	45	4.8%	5-19
Other / suppressed	40	4.3%	<5
Ages 60 and over, female	35	3.7%	5-19

Non-migrant residents

Educational attainment (people aged 25 and over)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
No schooling or incomplete elementary	3,800	53.8%	>=500
Completed high school, incomplete higher education	1,715	24.3%	100-499
Completed elementary, incomplete high school	800	11.3%	100-499
Completed higher education	745	10.6%	100-499

Household income per capita (in 2022 minimum wages)
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
½ to 1 minimum wage	4,340	35.6%	>=500
¼ to ½ minimum wage	3,825	31.3%	>=500
Up to ¼ of a minimum wage	1,860	15.2%	100-499
1 to 2 minimum wages	1,645	13.5%	100-499
More than 2 minimum wages	535	4.4%	100-499

Age and sex
Category	Estimate	Share	Sample
Ages 25–39, male	1,480	13.1%	100-499
Ages 25–39, female	1,470	13.0%	100-499
Ages 40–59, male	1,365	12.1%	100-499
Ages 40–59, female	1,275	11.3%	100-499
Ages 15–24, female	1,085	9.6%	100-499
Ages 15–24, male	1,080	9.6%	100-499
Ages 5–14, male	1,030	9.1%	100-499
Ages 5–14, female	1,010	9.0%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, male	760	6.7%	100-499
Ages 60 and over, female	710	6.3%	100-499

Commuting (work and study)

Commuting indicators for Fortaleza dos Nogueiras/MA
Employed persons (aged 10 and over)	4,440
Commute out to work in another municipality	455
Commute in from another municipality to work here	190
Net commuting	−265
Out-commuting rate (%)	10.28
Commuting attraction index	0.936
Median commuting time	60 min

Open Fortaleza dos Nogueiras/MA in the interactive atlas →

Methodological note

Estimates from the sample microdata of the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE, controlled access), fixed-date migration question (residence on July 31, 2017 compared with residence on July 31, 2022). Every estimate is rounded to multiples of 5 and has passed statistical disclosure control (no cell with fewer than 5 people or 3 sampled households). See the full methodology and the glossary.

How to cite this page

Daniel Pessini Sobreira. Atlas da migração interna no Brasil [Atlas of internal migration in Brazil]: Fortaleza dos Nogueiras/MA. Data from the 2022 Demographic Census (IBGE). Data version: 2026-10-01. Available at: https://atlas-da-migracao.github.io/en/municipio/fortaleza-dos-nogueiras-ma-2104107/. Dataset DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22469791.